Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a byproduct of normal metabolism and have roles in cell signaling and homeostasis. Species include oxygen radicals and reactive nonradicals. Mechanisms exist that regulate cellular levels of ROS, as their reactive nature may otherwise cause damage to key cellular components including DNA, protein, and lipid. When the cellular antioxidant capacity is exceeded, o...

A considerable amount of evidence shows that reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the mammalian brain are directly responsible for cell and tissue function and dysfunction. Excessive reactive oxygen species contribute to various conditions including inflammation, diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative diseases, tumor formation, and mental disorders such as depression. Increased intracellular calcium ...

introduction: d-galactose (d-gal) is well known as an appropriate agent to induced aging effects in the in vivo and in vitro models. in the present study, we selected crocin, the main constituent of crocus sativus l. (saffron), against d-gal cytotoxicity in human neuroblastoma sh-sy5y cells. materials and methods:  cells were pretreated with crocin (25-500 µm) for 24 h and then exposed to d-gal...

Oxidative stress Oxidative stress can be defined as an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the body that disrupts its ability to detoxify reactive intermediates, or to repair the damage to organ and cellular systems that can be caused by ROS. Intracellular redox balance (the dynamic balance between oxidizing and reducing species within cells) is closely coupled ...

The effects of toluene on lipid peroxidation and rates of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation have been studied in isolated systems and in vivo. The induction of reactive oxygen species was assayed using the probe 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA). Toluene exposure (1 g/kg, 1 hr, i.p.) did not stimulate cortical lipid peroxidation as evaluated by measurement of conjugated dienes....

Introduction: punicalagin, a hydrolysable tannin polyphenol from pomegranate, reported to have a protective effect against many diseases due to its high antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities. Aim, this study investigated the potential antihypertensive activity of punicalagin in human derived EA.hy926 endothelial cell model, via two mechanisms. In first mechanism, punicalagin enhanc...

Highly reactive harmful singlet oxygen O2(1delta(g)) can be helpful while relaxing to its triplet ground state O2(3sigma(g)-). The energy emitted during this relaxation from the excited energy state is discernable at 634 nm. We report here on the effect of this energy as photon illumination and as energy transfer in air on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by human monocytes, meas...

background: male are involved in near 50% of cases of infertility and reactive oxygen species (ros) playing an important role in decreasing fertility potential. accurate measurement of ros seems to be important in evaluation of infertile male patients. objective: to compare ros measurement in neat and washed semen samples of infertile men and define the best method for evaluation of ros in thes...

background and purpose: an important factor involved in infertility is reactive oxygen species (ros). ros can damage sperm dna, and involve lipid per-oxidation. ros elevation is under the influence of leukocyte activation. the objective of this study was to evaluate the level of ros as well as leukocyte, in normozoospermic (no) and ologoasthenoteratozoospermic (oat) ejaculates. materials and me...