This article presents the findings of the final phase of a 5-year longitudinal study with 168 middle- and upper middle-class children in which the complex relations among early home literacy experiences, subsequent receptive language and emergent literacy skills, and reading achievement were examined. Results showed that children's exposure to books was related to the development of vocabulary ...

This research paper throws the light on comparing students’ receptive skills in two different departments. The researcher finds out he fourth-year students' English Language learning (ELL) and general education/ language teaching (ELT) departments, both of study as a second language. For testing hypothesis, group 40 students was gathered. 20 were chosen from ELL department ELT at Lebanese Frenc...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of infant orthopedics (IO) on the language skills of children with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). DESIGN In a prospective randomized clinical trial (Dutchcleft), two groups of children with complete UCLP were followed up longitudinally: one group was treated with IO based on a modified Zurich approach in the first year of life (IO group);...

BACKGROUND Children and young people with Down's syndrome present with deficits in expressive speech and language, accompanied by strengths in vocabulary comprehension compared with non-verbal mental age. Intelligibility is particularly low, but whether speech is delayed or disordered is a controversial topic. Most studies suggest a delay, but no studies explore the relationship between cogniti...

OBJECTIVE Population approaches to lessen the adverse impacts of preschool language delay remain elusive. We aimed to determine whether systematic ascertainment of language delay at age 4 years, followed by a 10-month, 1-on-1 intervention, improves language and related outcomes at age 5 years. METHODS A randomized trial nested within a cross-sectional ascertainment of language delay. Children...

Different language skills are considered fundamental for successful reading and spelling acquisition. Extensive evidence has highlighted the central role of phonological awareness in early literacy experiences. However, many orthographic systems also require the contribution of morphological awareness. The goal of this study was to examine the morphological and phonological awareness skills of ...

Nowadays, English language plays an important role in the job of engineers and it is necessary to become familiar with engineers’ objectives, attitudes, and expectations in order to have an appropriate course design. The purpose of this study was to explore the needs analysis of English learning of engineers in Esfahan Steel Company (ESCO). This study aimed at investigating the required level o...

There has been a resurgence in concern about the levels of pupils’ oral language skills at school entry. To support and develop these effectively an understanding key components is required. We examined monolingual children Reception (MAge = 57.9 months; n 126) Year 1 69.07; 124) classes England. Children were recruited from schools that representative London primary assessed on measures design...