most previous laboratory studies of local scour at bridge abutments were performed in rectangular channels in which the distributions of flow velocity and bed shear stress were considered uniform in the transverse direction. in reality however, bridge abutments are usually located in the floodplain zone of rivers where velocity and shear stress distributions are directly affected by the lat...

Bridge pier scour is a complex process, which influenced by many parameters, including the presence of ice cover around piers. To better understand influence on bridge scour, an artificial cover, equipped with either smooth or rough surface, was constructed and tested experimentally. The positioned surface water submerged to specified depths in order replicate floating fixed (pressurized) condi...

Rocking isolation of structures is evolving as an alternative design concept in earthquake engineering. The present paper investigates the seismic performance of an actual overpass bridge of the Attiki Odos motorway (Athens, Greece), employing two different concepts of rocking isolation: (a) rocking of the piers on the foundation (rocking piers); and (b) rocking of the pier and foundation assem...

This paper presents the use of genetic programming (GP) as a tool to predict pier scour depths based on clear-water conditions of laboratory measurements by past researchers. Four main dimensionless parameterspier width, approaching flow depth, threshold flow velocity, and channel open-ratio are considered for predicting the scour depth. The performance of the GP equation is verified by compa...

Identification of the nonlinear hysteretic behavior of a reinforced concrete (RC) bridge pier subjected to earthquake loads is carried out based on acceleration measurements of the earthquake motion and bridge responses. The modified Takeda model is employed to represent the hysteretic behavior of the RC pier with a small number of parameters, in which the nonlinear behavior is described by var...

This paper presents the fully base-isolated highway bridge benchmark problem. The highway bridge benchmark problem consists of two phases: (1) Phase I—the bridge deck being base isolated only at the abutments and the center bent being integral with the pier (without isolation), and (2) Phase II—the bridge deck being fully base isolated at both the bent/pier and abutment locations. In both phase...