Reference circuits and linear regulators actually have much in common. In fact, the latter could be functionally described as a reference circuit, but with greater current (or power) output. Accordingly, almost all of the specifications of the two circuit types have great commonality (even though the performance of references is usually tighter with regard to drift, accuracy, etc.). This chapte...

This paper focuses on three commonly used sensorless methods based on high-frequency signal injection; namely, the rotating sinusoidal injection in the stationary reference frame, the pulsating sinusoidal injection in the estimated synchronous reference frame, and the pulsating square wave injection in the estimated synchronous reference frame. Although these methods have found applications in ...

A detailed frequency analysis of Power Supply Rejection (PSR) in Brokaw bandgap voltage reference is carried out. The knowledge of the frequency behavior in a voltage reference becomes mandatory to the designer especially in RF or digital environment where disturbs coming from supply lines becomes more evident. Precise and simple models, useful for pencil and paper analysis, are developed and a...

This paper proposes an evolutionary approach to Bandgap Voltage Reference (BVR) design. The efficiency and feasibility of this method for solving the circuit design task are investigated. For demonstration purpose, two sub-1V BVR circuits are chosen. Circuit optimization is performed for various algorithm options. We have compared the design results obtained for purely random and deterministic ...

In this paper, we describe the Compact Model Compiler approach to developing and supporting compact device models. A single model specification and model compiler tool support circuit simulation, parameter extraction, and documentation. We present three examples of the model compiler approach: a compact transisitor model, a bandgap reference circuit, and a flip-flop.

This paper presents a low voltage low power RF/analog front-end circuit for passive ultra high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) tag. Temperature compensation is achieved by a reference generator using sub-threshold techniques which requires lower supply voltage than conventional bandgap circuit. Some novel structures are developed to construct the building blocks, including...

Introduction: Oscillation based test (OBT) method [1] has been applied to testing different types of analogue circuits [2-5]. In this approach, the circuit is transformed into an oscillator during the test mode and the frequency of oscillation is measured and compared to the reference value obtained on a known-good circuit operating in the same conditions. Circuit modification for the purpose o...

In this paper we discusses solution of Linear Programming problems through neural network. Without having location restriction this network uses only simple hardware. Here we proved to be completely stable to exact solution without any multipliers. Moreover using this network we can solved linear programming problems and its dual simultaneously. These linear programming problems uses circuit im...

Different cascode circuits are investigated with regard to their suitability for low-voltage and low-current circuits. A generalized circuit representation is introduced and different cascode circuits are discussed with respect to their small-signal parameters as well as their associated dynamic output ranges. The output voltage ranges for saturation operation of the different cascode circuits ...