The paper gives an overveiew of radioecological concepts, reference information on plants and soils used in the project. Main classification schemes applied to summarize the data on radionuclide transfer to plants are also described. Generic quantities and units used in the current document are also given. They are mainly defined according to the the ICRU 65 report. 1. DEFINITIONS, QUANTITIES A...

In the evaluation of non-efficient units by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) referenced Decision Making Units (DMU’s) have an important role. Unfortunately DMU’s with extra ordinary output can lead to a monopoly in a reference set, the fact called abnormality due to the outliers' data. In this paper, we introduce a DEA model for evaluating DMU’s under this circumstance. The layer model can resul...

The non-radial DEA models [1] possess some specific features. First, multiple reference sets may exist for a production unit. Second, multiple supporting hyperplanes may occur on optimal units of the frontier. Third, multiple projections (a projection set) may occur in the space of input and output variables. All these features cause certain difficulties under measurement of returns to scale of...

A physiologically based neural network model was constructed to study cortical motion processing during pursuit eye movements. The model consists of three layers of computational units, simulating information processing by direction selective neurons in the primary visual cortex (V1), motion selective neurons in the middle-temporal area, and pursuit selective neurons in the middle-superior-temp...

UpCoT is a pipeline tool developed by automating the series of steps involved in prediction of cis-regulatory elements. UpCoT generates orthologs for each gene in target genome using bi-directional best blast hit against the reference genomes, then identifies potential orthologous transcriptional units using intergenic distance. Finally it generates the FASTA files containing upstream sequences...

While sensory neurons carry behaviorally relevant information in responses that often extend over hundreds of milliseconds, the key units of neural information likely consist of much shorter and temporally precise spike patterns. The mechanisms and temporal reference frames by which sensory networks partition responses into these shorter units of information remain unknown. One hypothesis holds...

--The electrical International System of Units (SI) are defined and realized as DC electrical quantities. National Institute for Standards (NIS), Egypt maintains the DC voltage unit by using the DC Josephson Voltage Standard (JVS) as a primary standard for DC voltage adding to eight zener diode reference standards as DC voltage secondary standards. The JVS is used to provide traceability of ele...

An antigen detection assay was prepared with rabbit anti- Histoplasma antibodies to detect and quantitate Histoplasma capsulatum antigen in urine samples. By using a 4-parameter curve fit, the assay calibration ranges from 2 to 1,000 enzyme immunoassay (EIA) units. We compared results for 99 urine samples with those of a reference laboratory, half of which tested positive or equivocal by that r...

The development of reference measurement methods for hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is important for quality assurance in diabetes management. The IFCC reference method using purified proteins as calibration standards is the recommended accuracy-based reference method for the standardization of HbA1c measurement. We developed a highly precise and accurate liquid chromatography-isotope-dilution tandem m...

We introduce a Janus-faced reference net component that presents the basis for the recursive composition of complex systems from open system units. We particularly focus on the operational aspect of relating different levels of action at different system levels.