a basic alumina-spinel low cement castable (lcc) composed of sintered bauxite, reactive alumina, calcined alumina, calcined magnesia, microsilica, and high alumina refractory cement was prepared (castable a) to which 5% sodium hexa-meta phosphate was later added (castable b) to prepare samples for heat treatment at 110ºc, 900ºc, and 1400ºc. bulk density (bd), apparent porosity (ap), and cold cr...

Samples of aluminosilicate refractory after operation in the shaft and hearth a coke-gas cupola were investigated; this was used for smelting cast iron with spheroidal graphite using carbon wastes from aluminium electrolysis production as reducing agent. Use only fluorine-containing solid fuel allows to utilize hazardous man-caused wastes, improves economic performance has influence on resistan...

This article is focused on the description of the main features of an online system for the real time monitoring and prediction of the liquid steel temperature in the ladle and tundish. Monitoring and prediction are based on a combination of analytical and statistical methods. Thus e.g., the temperature profiles of the walls are calculated using multi-layer implicit difference scheme taking int...