A 58 year old patient with refractory hypertension, chronic renal failure, and widespread arterial bruits is described. Investigations found hypoplasia of the major blood vessels, particularly the aorta, leading to low flow nephropathy.

Pulmonary hypertension is a devastating and refractory disease and there is no cure for this disease. Recently, microRNAs and mesenchymal stem cells emerged as novel methods to treat pulmonary hypertension. More than 20 kinds of microRNAs may participate in the process of pulmonary hypertension. It seems microRNAs or mesenchymal stem cells can ameliorate some symptoms of pulmonary hypertension ...

We report a case of an elderly woman with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and pulmonary hypertension (HFpEF-PH), refractory to conventional therapy for left heart failure and successfully treated by sildenafil.

Cranioplasty is a neurosurgical technique that replaces bone defect in the skull with hard replacement tissue. It indicated particular after decompressive craniectomy performed severe head trauma order to control intracranial hypertension refractory medical treatment. sometimes associated significant number of complications, including hydrocephalus. In this article, we report case cranioplasty ...

Pathophysiological features of both primary aldosteronism and pseudohyperaldosteronism are hyperactive amiloride-sensitive epithelial Na(+) channels (ENaC) and refractory hypertension. Peripheral blood lymphocytes express ENaC, which functions and is regulated similarly to ENaC expressed by renal principal cells. Thus it was hypothesized that individuals with either of these hypertensive etiolo...

Aim To characterise the ophthalmic indications for, and efficacy of, transverse sinus stenting in adults with medically refractory idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Methods A retrospective cohort study was undertaken on a single-author database of 226 successive patients confirmed hypertension (IIH). total 32 were identified who received stent for disease. This which defined as visual threa...