International fi eld experiences offer exceptional opportunities for effective student learning in the geosciences. Over the 10 yr period between 1998 and 2008, more than 40 undergraduate students from 14 institutions participated in fi eld research investigating active tectonics on the Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica. Three different project models were used: (1) a month-long summer research proj...

Introduction The development of Earth-observation techniques based on the use of navigation signals can be traced back to the use of GPS in geodetic applications to provide astonishing precision, such as the determination to within a few centimetres of the relative positions of points on the Earth’s surface separated by several thousand kilometres. This ultra-precise positioning of fixed GPS re...

In this paper, we apply an effective method to evaluate relative tectonic activity by applying several morph-tectonic indices that are useful in evaluating topography and tectonics. These include stream length-gradient, asymmetric factor, hypsometric index, curves, valley floor width height ratio, drainage basin shape, mountain front sinuosity. The study region of Wadi Al-Arish northern Sinai P...

The long-term carbon cycle is vital for maintaining liquid water oceans on rocky planets due to the negative climate feedbacks involved in silicate weathering. Plate tectonics plays a crucial role in driving the long-term carbon cycle because it is responsible for CO2 degassing at ridges and arcs, the return of CO2 to the mantle through subduction, and supplying fresh, weatherable rock to the s...