Minoxidil, a new potent hypotensive agent, was used as the primary antihypertensive agent in 11 patients--10 men and 1 woman aged 35 to 54 years with severe hypertension that was refractory to treatment with maximal (or maximally tolerated) doses of conventional antihypertensive agents. Six patients had severely impaired renal function and three of them were undergoing long-term hemodialysis. T...

acute renal failure is one of the side effects while using intravenous immunoglobulins. this complication is also observed with iodinated contrast media. herein, we describe a patient with acute renal failure who received intravenous immunoglobulins and iodinated contrast media concomitantly. both drugs are responsible for osmotic nephrosis. the same effect on renal cells may explain a synergis...

objective(s):hyperglycemia mediated oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications like nephropathy. in the present study, we evaluated the effect of ethanolic extract of ensete superbum seeds (esse) on renal dysfunction and oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. materials and methods:glucose, hba1c, total protein, albumin, renal function mark...

The angiotensin II subtype 1 receptor (AT(1)R) has been linked to the development and progression of renovascular hypertension. In this study we applied a pig model of renovascular hypertension to investigate the AT(1)R in vivo with positron-emission tomography (PET) and in vitro with quantitative autoradiography. AT(1)R PET measurements were performed with the radioligand [(11)C]KR31173 in 11 ...

T he syndrome of heart failure (HF) is characterized by exercise intolerance, limited by dyspnea and fatigue, and associated with neurohormonal activation and fluid retention. The primary stimulus that signals the kidney to retain salt and water is debated. In the late 1940s, Peters (1) developed the concept that in congestive HF, despite increased blood volume, there is “under filling of the a...

Aluminium balance studies were carried out on eight patients with various immunological disorders who were receiving plasma exchange with albumin solutions known to be contaminated with aluminium. Four patients with impaired renal function (creatinine clearance less than 50 ml/min) retained between 60% and 74% of the aluminium infused during a single plasma exchange. Transiliac bone biopsy spec...

Since dopamine receptors are important in the regulation of renal and cardiovascular function, we studied the cardiovascular consequences of the disruption of the D 3 receptor, a member of the family of D 2 -like receptors, expressed in renal proximal tubules and juxtaglomerular cells. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were higher ( z 20 mmHg) in heterozygous and homozygous than in wild-ty...

objective: the incidence and prevalence of kidney stone is increasing worldwide. after the first recurrence the risk of subsequent relapses is higher and the time period between relapses is shortened. urinary stones can be severely painful and make a huge economic burden. the stone disease may increase the vulnerability of patients to other diseases such as renal failure. medicinal herbs are ri...

IN the course of a clinical trial of the hypotensive drug guanethidine, it was observed that a proportion of treated patients developed edema or an unexplained gain in weight, thought to be a result of fluid retention.' This observation was confirmed when Dollery, Emslie-Smith, and Milne2 reported a further series, noting fluid retention yet being unable to correlate it with any diminution in t...

Abnormalities in calcium and phosphorus metabolism are common, and metabolic bone disease develops often in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). Effective clinical management includes measures to control phosphorus retention and prevent hyperphosphataemia, to maintain serum calcium concentrations within the normal range and to prevent excess parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion by the judi...