This paper examines optimal cooperative and non-cooperative environmental taxes for the case in which a polluting input is used to produce an internationally-traded finished product. The model allows for terms-of-trade effects under oligopoly and employs a general specification of the environmental damage function that encompasses special cases of local, global, and transboundary externalities....

This study aims to establish a hedonic model for office space rents in Istanbul using dataset of 2348 spaces. The includes information on and building characteristics, as well lease, locational, neighborhood characteristics that influence rent. To analyze the relationship between rent these determinants, we utilized semiparametric geoadditive allows functional form flexibility captures location...

Between 1999 and 2006, there were two episodes during which inflation in the Rent index in the CPI diverged markedly from inflation in the index for Owner’s Equivalent Rent (OER); early in 2007, these series began to diverge again. Such divergence often prompts many to question CPI methods. A key difference between these two series is that OER indexes are based upon rents which have received a ...

This is correct if efficiency is defined in terms of labor effort, as the landlord’s share operates like a tax on the returns to a tenant’s effort. However, sharecropping provides insurance to the tenant against fluctuations in crop yield arising from reasons beyond his control, so if this insurance effect is incorporated also in the notion of efficiency then they need not be less efficient tha...

Taxpayers shelter income from taxation both through illegal evasion and legal avoidance. This tax sheltering creates a difference between a household’s actual income and what it reports to the tax authorities. While tax sheltering is a central concern for designing a tax system, the private nature of this behavior complicates evaluating the magnitude and determinants of such behavior. In this p...

Following the classic economic model of tax evasion, taxpayers base their tax decisions on economic determinants, like fine rate and audit probability. Empirical findings on the relationship between economic key determinants and tax evasion are inconsistent and suggest that taxpayers may rather rely on their beliefs about tax authority's power. Descriptions of the tax authority's power may affe...