Abstract The ecological perspective of unequal exchange between core and peripheral countries or regions has been discussed at least since the 1980s, when Stephen Bunker analysed how lack political power in Brazilian Amazon extractivist areas led to an distribution extraction costs benefits, favouring central importing regions. Subsequent contributions are based on different theoretical perspec...

The R complex of Zea mays encodes a tissue-specific transcriptional activator of the anthocyanin pigment biosynthetic pathway. Certain R alleles comprise two genetically distinct components that confer the plant (P) and seed (S) aspects of the pigmentation pattern. These alleles are meiotically unstable, losing (P) or (S) function, often accompanied by exchange of flanking markers. We show that...

We suggest hypotheses to account for two major features of chromosomal organization in higher eukaryotes. The first of these is the general restriction of crossing over in the neighborhood of centromeres and telomeres. We propose that this is a consequence of selection for reduced rates of unequal exchange between repeated DNA sequences for which the copy number is subject to stabilizing select...

This paper reports on a new “genetic computing” paradigm for solving problems. In this new artificial intelligence paradigm, populations of computer programs are genetically bred using genetic operations patterned after sexual reproduction and based on Darwinian principles of reproduction and survival of the fittest. The paradigm is illustrated by rediscovering the well-known multiplicative (no...

This paper reports on a new “genetic computing” paradigm for solving problems. In this new artificial intelligence paradigm, populations of computer programs are genetically bred using genetic operations patterned after sexual reproduction and based on Darwinian principles of reproduction and survival of the fittest. The paradigm is illustrated by rediscovering the well-known multiplicative (no...

Drawing on ecologically unequal exchange theory and previous cross-national research, the authors assess whether wood exports from peripheral nations to India are related increased forest loss in exporting nations. The also build this perspective by assessing if corruption interacts with of India. In regard, hypothesize that creates an “institutional context” whereby bribes, kickbacks, embezzle...

Trust is an essential condition for exchange. Large societies must substitute the trust traditionally provided through kinship and sanctions in small groups to make exchange possible. The rise of internet-supported reputation systems has been celebrated for providing trust at a global scale, enabling the massive volumes of transactions between distant strangers that are characteristic of modern...