BACKGROUND This study investigates Salmonella spp. isolated from privately kept reptiles and from environmental samples such as bedding materials or water from the floor of the enclosures (terraria). It also compares isolation of Salmonella using Modified Semisolid Rappaport-Vassiliadis (MSRV) medium or selective enrichment in Rappaport-Vassiliadis-Soya (RVS) pepton broth. Cloacal swabs or swab...

FOUR SPECIES OF REPTILES, OF WHICH ONE IS REPRESENTED BY ONE OF ITS SUBSPECIES, ARE RECORDED FOR THE FIRST TIME FROM LAOS: Cyrtodactylusphongnhakebangensis, Lycodonfutsingensis, and Lycodonruhstrati, as Lycodonruhstratiabditus, from limestone forests in Khammouane Province and Cyrtodactyluspseudoquadrivirgatus from hill evergreen forest in Salavan Province. These discoveries of lizards and snak...

Diagnosing disease in reptiles can be a challenge for even the most experienced veterinarian. The clinical signs exhibited by these ectotherms are often subtle and physical findings are seldom pathognomonic. Diagnostic imaging should be part of the clinical evaluation of sick reptiles. Radiology is a common diagnostic tool used in reptile practice and can be instrumental in the identification o...

tajikistan is a hotspot of plant and animal species diversity and endemism andis important for the conservation of biodiversity on a global scale. the country is located ata biological crossroads. species from central and northern europe, central asia, themiddle east, and north africa mingle here with endemics found nowhere else. therichness of tajikistan‘s biodiversity shows up at the genetic,...

New nephron formation (nephrogenesis) ceases in mammals around birth and is completely absent in adults. In contrast, postembryonic nephrogenesis is well documented in the mesonephric kidneys of fishes and amphibians. The transient mesonephros in reptiles (including birds) and mammals is replaced by the metanephros during embryogenesis. Thus, one may speculate that postembryonic nephrogenesis i...

Fish and amphibians utilise a suction/force pump to ventilate gills or lungs, with the respiratory muscles innervated by cranial nerves, while reptiles have a thoracic, aspiratory pump innervated by spinal nerves. However, fish can recruit a hypobranchial pump for active jaw occlusion during hypoxia, using feeding muscles innervated by anterior spinal nerves. This same pump is used to ventilate...

Reptiles are used for various purposes these days, including public exhibits, medicinal applications, and as laboratory animals. As the international exchange of reptiles has gradually increased, more people have had the opportunity to come in contact with these animals. Snakes typically live in the rhizosphere where various bacterial strains exist and as such they can lead to opportunistic hum...