The current article provides a review of adoption research since its inception as a field of study. Three historical trends in adoption research are identified: the first focusing on risk in adoption and identifying adoptee–nonadoptee differences in adjustment; the second examining the capacity of adopted children to recover from early adversity; and the third focusing on biological, psychosoci...

To best understand the field and goals of outcomes research, it is important to appreciate the challenges that confront our healthcare system. Although considerable advances in patient care have been made over the last several decades, patients, physicians, and payers continue to struggle with rising costs and inefficiencies, poor application of evidence to clinical care, fragmentation, misalig...

The collaboration has resulted in multiple publications in peer review journals. The lines of research spawned by the collaboration are now being summarized in book length reviews of the literature on what really makes a difference in treatment outcomes. Subsequent sections of this document will summarize this research, including updated summaries of as yet unpublished findings from the ongoing...