A dynamic simulation model of the German residential building stock has been developed. It allows assessing eco-political instruments to reduce final energy demand in buildings and to quantify the corresponding emissions of CO2, NOx, SO2, CH4, NMVOC, and particulate matter (PM). The model simulates the implementation of energy efficiency measures and heating systems based on renewable energy. S...

Rapid and unplanned urban growth is responsible for the continuous conversion of green or generally natural spaces into artificial surfaces. The high degree of imperviousness modifies the urban microclimate and no studies have quantified its influence on the surface temperature (ST) nearby residential building. This topic represents the aim of this study carried out during summer in different u...

Upgrading the thermal performance of building envelope of existing residential buildings is an effective way to reduce heat gain or heat loss. Overhang device is a common solution for building envelope improvement as it can cut down solar heat gain and thereby can reduce the energy used for space cooling in summer time. Despite that, overhang can increase the demand for indoor heating in winter...

This paper reviews the most important energy storage systems for applications in residential environments. Normally, these systems are associated with renewable energy in order to achieve specific characteristics, although new possibilities and challenges are implemented over them in any residential places. Nowadays, the development of such kind of energy systems represents a technical challeng...

Exploring changes of building energy consumption and its relationships with climate can provide basis for energy-saving and carbon emission reduction. Heating and cooling energy consumption of different types of buildings during 1981-2010 in Tianjin city, was simulated by using TRNSYS software. Daily or hourly extreme energy consumption was determined by percentile methods, and the climate impa...

PURPOSE This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between indoor air pollutant levels and residential environment in children with atopic dermatitis (AD) living in Seoul. METHODS A total of 150 children with AD were included. Residential environment was assessed by questionnaires which were completed by their parents. To evaluate the level of exposure to the indoor air pollutants, ...

As part of the adoption of the 2005 Building Energy Efficiency Standards, the California Energy Commission adopted Joint Appendix IV, which contains standard U-factor, C-factor and Thermal Mass data for roof, wall and floor construction assemblies (see page IV-1 of the Joint Appendices at: http://www.energy.ca.aov/title24/2005standards/2004-10-06 400-03-001JAF.PDF). The data in Joint Appendix I...

The definition of a Life Cycle Assesment (LCA) for a building or an urban area is a complex task due to the inherent complexity of all the elements that must be considered. Furthermore, a multidisciplinary approach is required due to the different sources of knowledge involved in this project. This multidisciplinary approach makes it necessary to use formal language to fully represent the compl...