background and objectives: infection with vancomycin-resistant enterococci (vre) has caused a therapeutic problem. vana and vanb resistant types are the predominant phenotypes among vancomycin resistant enetrococci. transposon 1546 (tn1546) harboring the vana gene cluster, plays an important role in the horizontal transfer of vana gene. in this study, we examined the phenotypic and genotypic di...

Molecular surveillance of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) was implemented in Europe as case reporting in 2005. For all new MDR TB cases detected from January 2003 through June 2007, countries reported case-based epidemiologic data and DNA fingerprint patterns of MDR TB strains when available. International clusters were detected and analyzed. From 2003 through mid-2007 in Europe, 2,49...

abstractart, architecture, literature of iran and of the world is full of creations which serves to respect  the nature and its elements with the aid of symbols and signs.cup marks, mithraic temples and temples to worship water and fire from the ancient world,recenttashtab and saqakhaneh all of them are representing the respect to the major elements of nature, especially water. on the other han...

2014 Superheavy elements have been searched for by neutron induced fission of mass separated samples. Various natural materials have been investigated : minerals, manganese nodules, lunar dust, meteoritic materials. Fissioning masses have been collected in the A = 300 mass region. However, one cannot conclude that these masses are superheavy elements because of a possible contamination of this ...