Fiberoptic bronchoscopy (for difficult intubation, bronchoalveolar lavage or biopsies), gastric endoscopies and transesophageal echocardiography (for transfemoral aortic valve replacement, MitraClip or left atrial appendage closure), are widespread diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Non-invasive ventilation during upper endoscopies can be used to prevent or treat acute respiratory failure e...

During noninvasive ventilation (NIV) for acute respiratory failure, the patient's comfort may be less important than the efficacy of the treatment. However, mask fit and care are needed to prevent skin damage and air leaks that can dramatically reduce patient tolerance and the efficacy of NIV. Choice of interface is a major determinant of NIV success or failure. The number and types of NIV inte...

Masks are the primary tool used to prevent spread of COVID-19 in current pandemic. Tests were carried out determine total pressure drop through materials from which masks made and correlation these results with concentration carbon dioxide inner space mask. The showed that a parameter representing hydraulic losses mask material has significant influence on higher resistances accumulated dioxide...

A novel commercial training mask purportedly allows for combined respiratory muscle training and altitude exposure during exercise. We examined the mask's ability to deliver on this claim. Ten men completed three bouts of treadmill exercise at a matched workload (60%VO2peak) in a controlled laboratory environment. During exercise, the mask was worn in 2 manufacturer-defined settings (9,000 ft [...

When a patient is unable to breathe or maintain their airway they will most likely be ventilated by a bag-valve-mask. We propose to replace the traditional bag-valve-mask with an electric blower ventilator. This handheld feedback controlled device will automatically compensate for mask leak and enable the clinician to deliver computer controlled respiratory rates and tidal volumes. We have buil...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) given with nasal prongs compared with nasal mask reduces the rate of intubation and mechanical ventilation in preterm infants within 72 hours of starting therapy. METHODS Infants <31 weeks' gestation treated with NCPAP were randomly assigned to receive it via either prongs or mask. Randomization was stratified by...

The purpose of the present study was to determine the efficiency of respiratory protective equipment in a fibreglass reinforced plastic factory by comparing results of environmental and biological monitoring of exposure to styrene. Five factories including 39 workers were investigated. Three types of respiratory protective equipment were tested: one was a half-mask air-purifying respirator equi...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of cloth masks to medical masks in hospital healthcare workers (HCWs). The null hypothesis is that there is no difference between medical masks and cloth masks. SETTING 14 secondary-level/tertiary-level hospitals in Hanoi, Vietnam. PARTICIPANTS 1607 hospital HCWs aged ≥18 years working full-time in selected high-risk wards. INTER...

This study outlines considerations of a 3D scanning technology applied in the mask industry in Taiwan. A new way of looking at the industry, i.e. an on-line mask industry, will then be presented that integrates 3D scanning technology, common geometric shape parameters of face or head, customer tailored mask manufacturing, and supply chain management. The safety regulations and/or health care, s...

Introduction and Objectives. Preanesthetic medication may reduce the risks of adverse psychological and physiological sequela of induction of anesthesia in children. Administration of premedication by sublingual route may provide the best compromise, that is, relatively rapid absorption without causing pain. In this study, we compared sedative and anxiolytic effects of midazolam and buprenorphi...