A satisfactory performance of hydrological models under historical climate conditions is considered a prerequisite step in any change impact study. Despite the significant interest global modeling, few systematic evaluations (gHMs) at catchment scale have been carried out. This study investigates 4 gHMs driven by observation-based meteorological inputs simulating weekly discharges over 198 larg...

There have been encouraging results for the development of an effective HIV vaccine. However, many questions remain regarding the quality of immune responses and the role of mucosal antibodies. We addressed some of these issues by using a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) DNA vaccine adjuvanted with plasmid-expressed mucosal chemokines combined with an intravaginal SIV challenge in rhesus mac...

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(i.e., n = − εμ ). A consequence is certain unusual optical features in negative-index media. The electric field vector E, magnetic field vector H and wave vector k are a left-handed triplet, the basis for calling materials with simultaneously negative ε and μ “left-handed materials” (LHMs). LHMs would have novel optical properties. Light at non-normal incidence would bend to the side opposite ...

Different grazing strategies impact grassland plant production and may also regulate the soil carbon formation. For a site in semiarid temperate steppe, we studied the effect of combinations of rest, high and moderate grazing pressure over three stages of the growing season, on the process involved in soil carbon sequestration. Results show that constant moderate grazing (MMM) exhibited the hig...

Many companies –large and small– have at some time in their history conducted a in-depth review of their purpose: “what they are there for”. The result very often is a mission statement, values statement, or some such. The real challenge, however, is to get that mission and those values across to the company as a whole, so that they are espoused by all members of the organization. The problem i...

To complete the metabolic map for an entire class of compounds, it is essential to identify gene-metabolite correlations of a metabolic pathway. We used liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to identify the flavonoids produced by Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type and flavonoid biosynthetic mutant lines. The structures of 15 newly identified and eight known flavonols were deduced by LC-MS...