This special issue of European Journal of Operational Research is devoted to the ECCO XVI Conference, the sixteenth annual meeting of the European Chapter on Combinatorial Optimization, held at the Molde University College (Norway), from June 5 to June 7, 2003. (You can still visit the conference web site at http://www.himolde.no/arrang/eccoXVI/.) ECCO, the EURO Working Group on Combinatorial O...

Compositional embedding models build a representation (or embedding) for a linguistic structure based on its component word embeddings. We propose a Feature-rich Compositional Embedding Model (FCM) for relation extraction that is expressive, generalizes to new domains, and is easy-to-implement. The key idea is to combine both (unlexicalized) handcrafted features with learned word embeddings. Th...

Current models of word learning focus on the mapping between words and their referents and remain mute with regard to conceptual representation. We develop a cross-situational model of word learning that captures word-concept mapping by jointly inferring the referents and underlying concepts for each word. We also develop a variant of our model that incorporates recursion, which entertains the ...

This paper describes the prototype interactive search system being developed within the AutoAdapt project. The AutoAdapt project seeks to enhance the user experience in searching for information and navigating within selected domain collections by providing structured representations of domain knowledge to be directly explored, logged, adapted and updated to reflect user needs. We propose that ...

The availability of massive amounts of raw domain data has created an urgent need for sophisticated AI systems with capabilities to find complex and useful information in big-data repositories in real-time. Such systems should have capabilities to process and extract significant information from natural language documents, search and answer complex questions, make sophisticated predictions abou...

Large-eddy simulations (LES) differ from other fluid flow computations in that the largest eddies are explicitly resolved and the smaller eddies are modeled (as engineers call it) or parameterized (as oceanographers call it). Modeling the ocean and atmosphere inspired the first large-eddy simulations, but true large-eddy simulations of the ocean and atmosphere are surprisingly rare. Ocean model...

Randomized decision trees and forests have a rich history in machine learning and have seen considerable success in application, perhaps particularly so for computer vision. However, they face a fundamental limitation: given enough data, the number of nodes in decision trees will grow exponentially with depth. For certain applications, for example on mobile or embedded processors, memory is a l...

The research shows that maintenance of enterprise information systems consumes about 65-75% of the software development time and about 40-60% of maintenance efforts are devoted to software understanding. This paper compares the Anemic Domain Model used by the three-layered architecture followed by Java EE and .NET platforms and the Rich Domain Model often deployed into many conventional MVClike...

Bulbospinal noradrenergic pathways are shown to have an important role in descending inhibition of pain sensation. Locus ceruleus (LC), as a rich noradrenergic nucleus in the brain stem which has projections into the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, was evaluated for antinociceptive activity by using tonic and phasic pain models in the rat. LC-lesioned rats demonstrated moderate increase in ...

Rather than using text for scientific research reports, we have proposed developing highly-structured reports with rich semantic models. In this paper, we consider detailed structures for the components of research reports using a modeling framework based on a rigorous upper ontology. For instance, we consider the use of structured descriptions of Research Designs to support evaluation of inter...