In tricuspid atresia, an obligatory right to left shunt occurs at the atrial level. We have observed several patients with left to right interatrial shunts. Data from cardiac catheterisation in 40 consecutive patients were reviewed to determine the frequency and mechanism of left to right shunting in tricuspid atresia. An increase of 6% or more in oxygen saturation between the superior vena cav...

Holt-Oram syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder, characterised by skeletal abnormalities of the upper limb associated with congenital heart defect, mainly atrial and ventricular septal defects. Skeletal defects exclusively affect the upper limbs in the preaxial radial ray distribution and are bilateral and asymmetrical. They range from clinodactyly, absent or digitalised thumb, hypoplastic...

A 71‐year‐old male patient with symptoms and signs of right heart failure was presented. Echocardiographic examination revealed a large tumor mass infiltrating predominantly the right atrium (RA), tricuspid valve, and the right ventricle [Figure 1]. Thoracic computed tomography (CT) showed the involvement of the right atrial and right ventricular free wall as well as the interatrial septum and ...

Underlying mechanisms in the development of atrial flutter or intra-atrial re-entry tachycardia in patients with structural cardiac abnormalities remain poorly defined. The right atrial myocardium from two patients with congenital heart disease was evaluated, of whom one presented with severe right atrial dilation and arrhythmia and the other with a normal right atrium, to assess whether increa...

Endomyocardial fibrosis is a variety of restrictive cardiomyopathy, in which endocardium of one or both ventricles is thickened markedly with involvement of underlying myocardium. Partial obliteration of ventricular cavities by fibrous tissue and thrombus causes diastolic dysfunction with increased resistance to ventricular filling. Systolic function is well preserved till late stages. Biventri...