the eyes are organs that detect light and convert it into electro-chemical impulses in neurons. visual perception is the ability to interpret information and surroundings from the effects of visible light reaching the eye. medicine recognizes that altitudes above 1500 meters start to affect humans so that, the eye is very sensitive to restriction of its supply of oxygen. a dimming of vision acc...

spinal cord injury (sci)-induced systemic inflammatory response affects multiple organs outside the spi­nal cord. treatment options for such complications are lacking. valproic acid (vpa) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor, acting directly at the level of gene transcription by inhibiting histone deacetylation and making transcription sites more accessible. acetylation of histones is critical to...

The issue of road accidents is an increasing problem in developing countries. This could be due to increasing road traffic/vehicle occupancy. This has been increasing over years. Regulating traffic on roads is an important task. There by reducing accidents in accident prone zones. The accident was drastically increased over a decade from 4% to 31%. This is a alarming issue. The analysis and ide...

Too often the identification of critical road sites is made by “accident-based” methods that consider occurred accidents’ number. Nevertheless, such a procedure may encounter some difficulties when an agency does not have reliable and complete crash data at site level (e.g., accidents contributing factors clear or approximate accident location) crashes are underreported. Furthermore, relying on...

We report a 20-year-old man who sustained lumbar fractures involving 5 vertebrae following a road traffic accident. He was initially treated non-operatively to allow multiple pedicles to heal. He developed post-traumatic kyphosis for which corrective osteotomy and posterior spinal instrumented fusion was performed. He achieved a good functional outcome. We emphasise the need for careful radiolo...

Injuries caused by traffic accidents cause many deaths and disabilities children. Road traffic injuries are the main cause of death between the ages of 15 and 19 years and is the second cause of death among 5 to 14 year olds. Children's attitudes about driving and safe use of roads formed in 11 years. Road traffic injuries is one of the five cause of disability among children. Most victims betw...

background : drivers are vulnerable to musculoskeletal and psychological disorders because of substantially harmful agents in this stressful occupation. this study aims to investigate the influence of driver’s physical and psychological health on the risk of road accidents using fuzzy logic approach. methods : two input variables including musculoskeletal disorders (msds) and mental health, alo...

A new database system was developed by integrating the license data of all drivers in Japan (80 million drivers) with 11 million road traffic accident data from the year 1995 to 2007 and 130 million road traffic violation data from the year 1993 to 2007 to study the relation between accident/violation experience and accident rates. The results of data analysis using the database are as follows;...

Since highway improvement project selection requires screening thousands of road segments with respect to crashes for further analysis and final project selection, we provide a two-step project selection methodology and describe an application case to demonstrate its advantages. In the first step of the proposed methodology, we will use odds against observing a given crash count, injury count, ...

This paper introduces a parameter-free clustering-based approach to detecting critical traffic road segments in urban areas, i.e., of spatially prolonged and high accident risk. In addition, it proposes novel domain-specific criterion for evaluating the clustering results, which promotes stability results through time inter-period spatial collocation, penalizes size selected clusters. To illust...