Antiquity, which once inspired the Founding Fathers and later became an important reference point for many subsequent generations of American politicians, has lost its former significance. Many researchers traditionally associate this process with industrialization at turn 19th 20th century, when society placed more emphasis on practical knowledge skills. It would be logical to anticipate a gra...

Abstract Recent scholarship on North African cities has done much to dispel earlier assumptions about late antique collapse and demonstrate significant continuity into the Byzantine medieval periods. Yet urban changes did not affect Africa evenly. Far less is known differing regional trajectories that shaped transformation extent which pre-Roman Roman micro-regions continued share meaningful ch...

It has been generally acknowledged that falconry was unknown in Antiquity until it imported the 5th century AD by Germanic tribes into lands of Roman Empire. However, this theory contrasts with a 1st epigram Martial depicts hawk kept captivity regrets hunting for fowler, concept can be perfectly understood as falconry. Due to lack knowledge Iberian iconography and absence other early sources at...

Abstract In late antiquity, there has been a public opinion that African Latin is specific and different from the spoken in other regions of Roman Empire. Several grammarians also mention – comparison with so-called classical incorrect (linguistic) phenomena, which are associated speakers provinces. my paper, I will examine one these (perceived?) Africanisms , wrong use l sound/letter ( labdaci...

The genesis of wooden trusses is a very controversial issue as the archaeological data, scarce and incomplete, are not explicit. Indirect pieces evidence roof carpentry organized according to truss system seem have been found, at least from Iron Age, in Mediterranean basin. However, these isolated cases that probably did decisive influence on evolution roofs immediately following eras. Full awa...

This article entails a study of the methods for developing humans’ capabilities to increase success rates during military conflicts. Hence, this scientific work encompasses retrospective from antiquity by Sumerian, Viking, Greek, and Roman fighters, as well contemporary prospective view augmenting soldiers into “supersoldiers”. Whether we refer first stage initial attempts at soldier through mu...

The first alchemist for whom we have biographical data, Zosimos, lived in the Panopolis (current Akhmim) of late 3rd – early 4th cent. CE, a region which evidence practice traditional Egyptian religion is attested well into Late Antiquity. images that Zosimos employed his presentation alchemical procedures and apparatus offer us an insight cultural context. This paper will examine series passag...

Abstract Memnon, the mythic king of Ethiopia killed by Achilles during Trojan War, had a double or fused identity in classical antiquity: both Asian and African for Greek Roman writers because his parentage geographical indeterminacy ‘Aithiopia’ ‘India’, but definitely black-skinned writers. How was this figure received medieval texts images? This paper tracks Memnon through three textual genre...