BACKGROUND The availability of comprehensive, up-to-date epidemiologic data would improve the understanding of the disease burden and clinical consequences of rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) in Europe. METHODS During the 2004-2005 season, a prospective, multicenter, observational study was conducted in children <5 years of age in primary care, emergency department, and hospital settings in s...

BACKGROUND Rotavirus causes 500 000 deaths and millions of physician visits and hospitalizations per year, with worse outcomes and reduced vaccine efficacy in developing countries. We hypothesized that the gut microbiota might modulate rotavirus infection and/or antibody response and thus potentially play a role in such regional differences. METHODS The microbiota was ablated via germ-free or...

Rotavirus is the most important worldwide cause of severe gastroenteritis in infants and young children. Intestinal epithelial cells are the principal targets of rotavirus infection, but the response of enterocytes to rotavirus infection is largely unknown. We determined that rotavirus infection of HT-29 intestinal epithelial cells results in prompt activation of NF-kappaB (<2 h), STAT1, and IS...

BACKGROUND Libya introduced rotavirus vaccine in October 2013. We examined pre-vaccine incidence of rotavirus hospitalizations and associated economic burden among children < 5 years in Libya to provide baseline data for future vaccine impact evaluations. METHODS Prospective, hospital-based active surveillance for rotavirus was conducted at three public hospitals in two cities during August 2...

BACKGROUND Rotavirus is a leading worldwide cause of acute gastroenteritis in young children. This retrospective hospital-based study assessed the burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children younger than 6 years in Japan. METHODS Children admitted to eight hospitals for acute gastroenteritis between 2008 and 2009 were identified from hospital admission databases. Diagnosis of acute gastro...

Objective(s): The rotavirus nonstructural protein 4 (NSP4) is responsible for the increase in cytoplasmic calcium concentration through a phospholipase C-dependent and phospholipase C-independent pathways in infected cells. It is shown that increasing of intracellular calcium concentration in rotavirus infected cells is associated with the activation of some members of protein kinases family su...

We identified unusual rotavirus strains in fecal specimens from sheltered dogs in Hungary by viral metagenomics. The novel rotavirus species displayed limited genome sequence homology to representatives of the 8 rotavirus species, A-H, and qualifies as a candidate new rotavirus species that we tentatively named Rotavirus I.

BACKGROUND Although rotavirus vaccines have been licensed in Spain for over 8 years, they are not funded by its public health systems. The analysis of their effectiveness in the Valencia Region could better inform decisions about potential inclusion in the official immunization schedule. Our aim was to assess the effectiveness of Rotarix® (RV1) and RotaTeq® (RV5) against rotavirus hospitalizati...

Rotavirus is a leading cause of severe acute gastroenteritis in children worldwide, and globally licensed vaccines are available. To expedite the introduction of rotavirus vaccines in the national immunisation programme, a simple, ecological method to monitor changes in the burden of rotavirus disease may be of great help. Here, we report an application of a time-series analysis on a publicly-a...

INTRODUCTION Rotavirus infection is the most common aetiology of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) among young children. In adults, diagnostics focus mainly on bacterial causes, though recent studies suggest that rotavirus is a frequent agent. The aim of this study was to examine the proportion of rotavirus in adults hospitalised with AGE and to identify possible predictors. METHODS During a 24-mon...