Background: Aflatoxins are fungal secondary metabolites negatively affecting ruminant performance; however, little information is available on their impact on rumen fermentation. Aims: This study aimed at determining the effects of different concentrations of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) from Aspergillus flavus on in vitro gas production and ruminal fe...

Ruminants obtain nutrients from microbial fermentation of plant material, primarily in their rumen, a multilayered forestomach. How the different layers of the rumen wall respond to diet and influence microbial fermentation, and how these process are regulated, is not well understood. Gene expression correlation networks were constructed from full thickness rumen wall transcriptomes of 24 sheep...

greenhouse gases have been of serious global concern to environmentalists. enteric ruminal fermentation and manure are seen to be responsible for global warming. based on a better understanding of positive tan-nin effects on ruminant nutrition, the feeding value of browse trees and shrubs containing tannin, their roles on methanogenic rumen microbes in overcoming the production of enteric ferme...

Ruminant-derived methane (CH4), a potent greenhouse gas, is a consequence of microbial fermentation in the digestive tract of livestock. Development of mitigation strategies to reduce CH4 emissions from farmed animals is currently the subject of both scientific and environmental interest. Methanogens are the sole producers of ruminant CH4, and therefore CH4 abatement strategies can either targe...

The rumen microbiota enable ruminants to degrade complex ligno-cellulosic compounds to produce high quality protein for human consumption. However, enteric fermentation by domestic ruminants generates negative by-products: greenhouse gases (methane) and environmental nitrogen pollution. The current lack of cultured isolates representative of the totality of rumen microbial species creates an in...

Two experiments using six rumen-fistulated Holstein steers in 3 X 3 Latin square designs were conducted to test the effects of urea addition to corn silage, and grain addition to haylage, on feed intake, digestibility of nutrients and rumen fermentation of complete diets fed once daily. Addition of .34 and .68% urea to corn silage increased dietary crude protein from 8.1 to 11.3 and 13.3%, and ...

Two groups of Merino sheep (with or without rumen fistulae) were used to study the effect of feeding maize-silage (compared to hay) on: thiamine concentrations in rumen fluid, tissues and organ; blood transketolase activity; microbial fermentation in the rumen. After sheep were transferred from a hay diet to maize-silage, thiamine concentrations in ruminal fluid fell to about 25% of control val...

High throughput sequencing was used to examine the rumen microbiota of sika deer fed high (OLH) and low concentration (OLL) of tannin rich oak leaves. The results showed that Prevotella spp. were the most dominant bacteria. The most predominant methanogens were the members of the order Methanoplasmatales. The dominant rumen protozoa were Entodinium longinucleatum, Eudiplodinium maggii, and Epid...

The study was designed to determine whether products of fermentation in corn silage could limit its voluntary intake. Six rumen-cannulated Hereford steers were assigned randomly to diets of corn silage (CS) and dried corn forage reconstituted either with water (DC + W) or with extracts from corn silage (DC + CSE) according to a crossover design with three experimental periods. During each perio...

Volume 2 • Issue 1 • 1000e104 Adv Dairy Res ISSN: 2329-888X ADR, an open access journal Although water vapour is the largest and essential greenhouse gas inclusive of ozone in the stratosphere, the mitigation of anthropogenic six greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, sulphur hexafluoride, hydrofluorocarbons and perfluorocarbons have been established as legally binding...