Rumen is a persistent and specific ecosystem consists of bacteria, protozoa and fungus where feed fermentation takes place in it. Produced Hydrogen in rumen can be used in the synthesis of the volatile fatty acids and the microbial protein and its excess would be eliminated through the production of Methane by methanogenesis. Nutritionists have tried to find ways to decrease loss and energy and...

Aim of the study: The effects forage source (alfalfa hay; AH vs. wheat straw; WS) with rumen undegradable to degradable protein ratio [low (LR) = 28:72; high (HR) 36:64] were evaluated in young dairy calves.Area Arak, Iran.Material and methods: Forty-eight 3-d old female Holstein calves (44.5 kg BW) allocated four treatments: (1) low dietary RUP:RDP (AH-LR); (2) (AH-HR); (3) WS (WS-LR); (4) (WS...

Ten ruminally cannulated lactating Holstein cows that were part of a larger trial studying the effects of feeding different proteins on milk production were used in a replicated 5 x 5 Latin square to quantify flows of microbial and rumen-undegradable protein (RUP) in omasal digesta. Cows were fed total mixed rations containing (dry matter basis) 44% corn silage, 22% alfalfa silage, 2% urea, and...

this research was conducted to estimate the amount of microbial protein synthesis in iranian buffaloes' rumen. four male swamp buffaloes with average live body weight of 140±10 kg were used in this study. four diets of 0 (control diet, 100% forage), 15, 30 and 45% concentrate in a 4 × 4 latin square were tested. the results indicated that by increasing the concentrate level in the diet of swamp...

Cattle consuming bahiagrass pastures in Florida are often deficient in crude protein. The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of two protein supplements (Urea and Optigen) as compared to cows receiving no protein supplementation (Control) while consuming bahiagrass hay. Optigen II® (Alltech, Inc., Nicholasville, KY) is a slow-release nitrogen source. The delayed availability of nit...

Rumen is a persistent and specific ecosystem consists of bacteria, protozoa and fungus where feed fermentation takes place in it. Produced Hydrogen in rumen can be used in the synthesis of the volatile fatty acids and the microbial protein and its excess would be eliminated through the production of Methane by methanogenesis. Nutritionists have tried to find ways to decrease loss and energy and...