Topological or deconfined phases of matter exhibit emergent gauge fields and quasiparticles that carry a corresponding gauge charge. In systems with an intrinsic conserved U(1) charge, such as all electronic systems where the Coulombic charge plays this role, these quasiparticles are also characterized by their intrinsic charge. We show that one can take advantage of the topological order fairl...

We consider relations between reduced density matrices in the configuration space of identical particles and those in Fock space, leading to the conclusion that diminishing of entanglement underlies off-diagonal long-range order, which is the hallmark of superconductivity and Bose-Einstein condensation. The discussion is also extended to show that disentanglement underlies various cases of long...

The enhancement of the crystallization process through high pressures was studied by using ribavirin (RVB) as a model compound. effects pressure on thermodynamics, nucleation kinetics, and yield were evaluated discussed. solubility in three pure solvents measured at different from 283.15 to 323.15 K. results indicate that data decreased slightly when increased. induction time cooling under meas...

Electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI) is a promising tool for the treatment and diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmias. ECGI estimates non-invasively electrical activity heart using body surface potentials (BSPs) obtained at in combination with specific CT/MRI based anatomical models defined electrode positions. In order to solve inverse problem first step be considered indeed image segmentation mesh g...