second chapters of the books, jami‘ al-alh?an, maq?s?id al-alh?an and sharh?-i adwar that are all important compilations dealing with music have written by ‘abd al-qadir maraghi appropriates to fretting the string instruments. maraghi has mentioned various methods, which are mainly based on s?af? al-din urmawi’s views, for determining the ratio between the notes, yet he has also contributed sev...

the eight year war between iran and iraq is a sensitive and critical period in iran's foreign policy; particularly towards the european community. accordingly and in spite of the fact that the foundations of the new regime in iran have not been consolidated a full scale war ,was imposed on iran, overshadowing all policies and plans including iran's foreign policy. this paper tries to ...

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â  the aim of this study was to investigate the postgraduate students' views regarding their current and desired participation in curriculum development and compare their views with the curriculum experts' opinions. this study is a descriptive-analytical and both qualities and quantitative methods were used/ the population consisted of two groups. the first group consists of all curri...

Light field acquisition technologies capture angular and spatial information of the scene. The spatial and angular information enables various post processing applications, e.g. 3D scene reconstruction, refocusing, synthetic aperture etc at the expense of an increased data size. In this paper, we present a novel prediction tool for compression of light field data acquired with multiple camera s...

after introducing three famous grammarians –ibn-e-malek, ibn-e- aqil and al-soyuti– the authors of this article try to compare and contrast the tow well-known explications of ibn–malek`s alfiyya, by ibn-e-aqil and al-soyuti. the authors refer to the similarities and differences between the two explications and give examples from both works. the main purpose of this article is introduce th...

the selection of efficient and creative personnels contributes to a justifiable and acceptable potentiality of organizations, for efficiency of an organization is connected with the speciality and the commitment of its active personnels. since efficiency is more than merely increasing profit and production, some other value, moral, legal categories are of significance in selecting personnels. g...

Strategic Insights is a monthly electronic journal produced by the Center for Contemporary Conflict at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California. The views expressed here are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of NPS, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government.

We are grateful to Ben Hansen, James Robins, Paul Rosenbaum, Donald Rubin, and participants in seminars at the Banff Center, Brown, Georgetown, Harvard/MIT, Montreal, and UPenn for comments and discussions. Software implementing these methods is available on our websites. The views expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Eco...

N.B. The views expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily correspond to the views of the European Central Bank. Hartmann of the European Central Bank. The usual caveat applies: The author is solely responsible for errors or omissions.