measurement of soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, ks, is normally affected by flow patterns such as macro pore; however, most current techniques do  not differentiate flow types, causing major problems in describing water and chemical flows within the soil matrix. this study compares eight models for scaling ks and predicted matrix and macro pore ks, using a database composed of 50 datasets...

let $l$ be a lattice in $zz^n$ of dimension $m$. we prove that there exist integer constants $d$ and $m$ which are basis-independent such that the total degree of any graver element of $l$ is not greater than $m(n-m+1)md$. the case $m=1$ occurs precisely when $l$ is saturated, and in this case the bound is a reformulation of a well-known bound given by several authors. as a corollary, we show t...

The ability to switch the coupling between quantum bits (qubits) on and off is essential for implementing many quantum-computing algorithms. We demonstrated such control with two flux qubits coupled together through their mutual inductances and through the dc superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) that reads out their magnetic flux states. A bias current applied to the SQUID in the...

Multichannel SQUID magnetometers are being developed for signal-field mapping in biomagnetic experiments. A problem that becomes more serious as the number of channels is increased is the crosstalk caused by the mutual inductances between the individual sensing coils. A simple and effective method for eliminating this crosstalk is presented in this Paper. The method is based on a rearrangement ...

The developed subdomain model accounting for tooth-tips can accurately predict the open-circuit, armature reaction and on-load field distributions in surface-mounted permanent magnet machines. Based on this field model, their electromagnetic performance of the machine, such as the cogging torque, back-EMF and electromagnetic torque, and winding inductances are calculated. The model can also be ...

A high power wideband feedback amplifier module using AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) has been developed that covers the frequency range of DC to 5GHz with small signal gain of 9 dB. Shunt feedback topology is introduced by adding inductances to increase the bandwidth. At midband frequency, power added efficiency (PAE) of 20 % and saturation power level of 29.5 dBm were obtai...

Output-error methods are applied to the problem of identifying partially known linear time-invariant finite-dimensional svstems. The svstems considered have a limircd number of unknonn pariirncrcrs, whluh are assrlmcd to enter the nurncr;ltor and denominator of thr tr~nsfer f'unct~on rnulr~line~rl\. ' h l s is rcnrc>ctltativc o i mechanical and electrical systems with unknown ineitias, friction...

In this paper, we propose a new exact closed form mutual inductance equation for on-chip interconnects. We express the mutual inductance between two parallel rectangular conductors as a weighted sum of self-inductances. We do not place any restrictions on the alignment of the two parallel rectangular conductors. Moreover, they could be co-planar or reside on different layers. Most important, ex...

We present an advanced algorithm for an extraction tool that computes inductances of interconnect structures. As already pointed out in [I] the pursued energy concept leads to a 6-fold integral which can also be evaluated by use of the Monte Carlo method. Classical implementation of the Monte Carlo method, where the whole geometry has to be hunted for the associated element loses efficiency. Ou...

This paper presents the results of investigations on a planar sandwich air-gapped transformer with two different winding configurations. Experimental results of the coil self inductances, voltage ratio versus frequency, and the numerical results for the magnetic flux and eddy-current distributions are presented. It is shown that the voltage ratio and turns ratio are not equivalent and that the ...