We prove that for the mean curvature flow of closed embedded hypersurfaces, intrinsic diameter stays uniformly bounded as approaches first singular time, provided all singularities are neck or conical type. In particular, assuming Ilmanen’s multiplicity one conjecture and no cylinder conjecture, we conclude in two-dimensional case always bounded. also obtain sharp $$L^{n-1}$$ bound curvature. T...

[1] The probability density function of the drop diameter at the ground is investigated during stratiform and convective precipitation intervals at Darwin, Australia. We show how, after a renormalization procedure of the drop diameter, the empirical probability density functions of both types of precipitation collapse in a single curve, indicating the possible existence of an invariant distribu...

High-speed images of bubbly flow coupled with simultaneous passive acoustic measurements were carried out in a bubble column staged with structured fibrous catalysts. Local observations made with a high-speed camera system allow a detailed understanding of the influence of fabric structure on bubble formation processes and the determination of the Sauter bubble diameter. With acoustic measureme...

Droplet size is a fundamental parameter for Venturi scrubber performance. For many years, the correlations proposed by Nukiyama and Tanasawa (1938) and Boll et al. (1974) were used for calculating mean droplet size in Venturi scrubbers with limited operating parameters. This study proposes an alternative approach on the basis of artificial neural networks (ANNs) to determine the mean droplet si...

The hot water sprays are an important part of many industrial processes, where the detailed knowledge of physical phenomena involved in jet transportation, interaction, secondary breakup, evaporation, and coalescence of droplets is important to reach more efficient processes. The objective of the work was to study the water spray jet breakup dynamics, vortex cloud formation, and droplet size di...

The momentum flux ratio (MFR) significantly affects the mixing characteristics and combustion efficiency of propellants in rocket engine injectors. spray three gas-centered swirl-coaxial injectors used a full-scale test were investigated according to change ratio. difference was analyzed through comparison with results using visualization quantification. cross-sectional shape droplet distributi...

Past studies of the variability of drop size distributions (DSDs) have used moments of the distribution such as the mass-weighted mean drop size as proxies for the entire size distribution. In this study, however, the authors separate the total number of dropsNt from theDSD leaving the probability size distributions (PSDs); that is, DSD5Nt3 PSD. The variability of the PSDs are then considered u...

Thermoacoustic instabilities often occur in a combustion chamber of jet engine when pressure fluctuations from the released heat create closed feedback loop with inlet air velocity, causing further that enhance cycle back again. Since most chambers use liquid fuel dispersed into droplets by an airblast atomizer, any occurring entering nozzle could affect atomization process and air-to-fuel rati...