We study the effect of scarcity on decision making by low income Swedes. exploit random assignment welfare payments to their borrowing decisions within pawn and mainstream credit market. document that higher educated borrowers borrow less frequently choose lower loan value ratios when budget constraints are exogenously tighter. In contrast, low-educated do not respond temporary elevated levels ...

Climate change and the increasing demand of water intensify global cycle, altering distribution in space time. This is expected to result wet areas getting wetter dry drier. As key life, scarcity likely provoke conflict. Using grid-cell data for Africa central America over years 2002 2017, we provide empirical evidence a link between likelihood local conflict mass declines. We measure anomalies...

It is essential to consider the acceptable threshold in the assessment of a hydrological model because of the scarcity of research in the hydrology community and errors do not necessarily cause risk. Two forecast errors, including rainfall forecast error and peak flood forecast error, have been studied based on the reliability theory. The first order second moment (FOSM) and bound methods are u...

Drought is universally acknowledged as a phenomenon associated with scarcity of water. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) expresses the actual rainfall as standardized departure from rainfall probability distribution function. In this study severity and spatial pattern of meteorological drought was analyzed in the Puruliya District, West Bengal, India using multi-temporal SPI. Daily gri...

Saudi Arabia (SA) faces a water shortage, and it further challenges sustainable agriculture, industrial development the well-being of people. SA uses more than 80% its resources for agricultural purposes. Groundwater extractions account most this demand, which is not sustainable. Hence, study aims to analyze management practices used in propose viable workable solutions achieve scarce resources...

In the face of water scarcity due to climate change and population growth, cities around world, especially in Global South, increasingly provide intermittent, rather than continuous, supply. Because an intermittent supply has negative effects on infrastructure quality, literature often recommends transition continuous supply, but that may be unfeasible or cost-prohibitive for many cities. There...