The equivalence between a noise source in combination with a resistance, and a thermal bath, is a part of fluctuation theory. This observation was the motivation for the author’s 1960 calculation of the power flow between modes of vibration excited by random noise sources. The resulting relation between power flow and uncoupled energy of vibration is therefore more than a thermal analogy; it is...

This chapter presents the Late Quaternary neo-tectonic movement in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region of China and its effects on the coastal sedimentary environment. Taking the Xilin Hill fault as the example, we have explained the reason of the PRD formation, inferred its interactions with local/regional climate and sea-level changes, and analyzed the evolution of the PRD formation and its co...

1) Provincial Government of Åland Islands, Fisheries Division, P.O. Box 1060, AX-22111 Mariehamn, Åland Islands (e-mail: [email protected]) 2) Swedish Board of Fisheries, Institute of Coastal Research, P.O. Box 109, SE-740 71 Öregrund, Sweden 3) Estonian Marine Institute, Mäealuse 10 A, EE-12618 Tallinn, Estonia 4) Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute, P.O. Box 2, FI-00791 Helsink...

Sea level rise has the potential to influence the location of baselines along the coast from which claims to maritime jurisdiction are made. Accordingly, sea level rise may have adverse impacts on the extent of national maritime claims. This article provides a brief discussion of sea level rise before exploring the link between potentially variable baselines and the outer limits to maritime cla...

The Aral Sea basin (ASB) is one of the most environmentally vulnerable regions to climate change and human activities. During the past 60 years, irrigation has greatly changed the water distribution and caused severe environmental issues in the ASB. Using remote sensing data, this study investigated the environmental changes induced by irrigation activities in this region. The results show that...

Within the wave-dominated and high-energy depositional environment of hyper-arid Namibian coast, lagoons related saltpans represent one few regional settings in which sediments originating from both marine terrestrial sources can accumulate under sheltered conditions. This allows for an approximately continuous record mid to late Holocene coastal evolution. For this paleoenvironmental reconstru...

A model of the formation gradient sea-level field by space bi-static radar measurements is developed. An interferometer with cross-sectional base used as a receiver. The relatively small antenna 5–10 m gives huge gain in energy when working for quasi-mirror scattering range short wind waves. efficiency system evaluated converting dynamical tsunami wave evolution case Kuril earthquake (October 4...

In January 1986, a sea-urchm mediated deforestation began in C a m e l Bay, California. USA, near the center of the California sea otter's range. The deforestation occurred on an offshore rocky reef where depths range from l ? to > 30 m. Both purple (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) and red (S. franciscanus) sea urchins were abundant and probably belonged to a cohort that settled in 1984. By Octo...

This paper proposes an automatic, essentially domainindependent means of evaluating Spoken Language Systems (SLS) which combines software we have developed for that purpose (the "Comparator") and a set of specifications for answer expressions (the "Common Answer Specification", or CAS). The Comparator checks whether the answer provided by a SLS accords with a canonical answer, returning either ...