introduction one of the important events that usually occur in seas and large water bodies’ concurrent with the change of season is the growth and species increase of phytoplankton. in the natural environment, this event does not result in imbalances of water ecosystems. however, pollution caused by human activities results in excessive growth and reproduction of phytoplankton and other opportu...

A physics based 3D simulation of sea surfaces is presented. The simulation is suitable for the pre-calculation of detector images for an IR camera. Synthetic views of a maritime scenario are calculated in the MWIR and LWIR spectral bands and the images are compared with data collected in a field trial. In our computer simulation the basic sea surface geometry is modeled by a composition of smoo...

D I R E C T measurement of large-scale ocean currents with current meter arrays is difficult and costly on basin scales. Since large-scale currents are very nearly in geostrophic balance, their velocity can be calculated from the pressure gradient on an equigeopotential surface. The surface geostrophic current therefore can be calculated from the deviation of sea level from the equigeopotential...

The surface albedo of the Arctic sea ice zone is a crucial component in the energy budget of the Arctic region [1, 2]. The treatment of sea ice albedo has been identified as a main source of variability in the future sea ice mass loss forecasts in coupled climate models [3]. There is a clear need to establish datasets of Arctic sea ice albedo to study the changes based on observational data, an...

The South China Sea (SCS) is the largest marginal sea of the western Pacific Ocean, yet little is known about archaeal distributions and TEX₈₆-based temperatures in this unique oceanic setting. Here we report findings of abundances in both core lipids (CL) and intact polar lipids (IPL) of Archaea from surface water (CL only) and core-top sediments from different regions of the SCS. TEX₈₆-derive...

Introduction Conclusions References

The CO 2 source or sink status and variability in the coastal ocean are the subjects of highly debate. Satellite remote sensing offers an avenue for expanding observations and analyzing temporal and spatial variability of the environment of the ocean. In the present study, the algorithm for surface layer seawater partial pressure of CO 2 (pCO 2sw) of the northern South China Sea (NSCS) was appl...

This work deals with the question of sea state monitoring using marine X-band radar images and focuses its attention on the problem of sea depth estimation. We present and discuss a technique to estimate bathymetry by exploiting the dispersion relation for surface gravity waves. This estimation technique is based on the correlation between the measured and the theoretical sea wave spectra and a...

Most deep-sea benthic ecosystems are food limited and, in the majority of cases, are driven by the organic matter falling from the surface or advected downslope. Species may adapt to this scarceness by applying a wide variety of responses, such as feeding specialisation, niche width variation, and reduction in metabolic rates. The Mediterranean Sea hosts a gradient of food availability at the d...

The onset of spring, noted by the timing of wildlife migratory and breeding behaviors, has been occurring earlier over the past few decades. Here, we examine 15 years of loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, nesting patterns along a 40.5 km beach on Florida’s Atlantic coast. This small section of beach is considered to be the most important nesting area for this threatened species in the west...