several semantic image search schemes have been recently proposed to retrieve images from the web. however, the query context is regularly ignored in these techniques and hence, many of the returned images are not adequately relevant. in this paper, we make use of context to further confine the outcome of the semantic search engines. for this purpose, we propose a hybrid search engine which uti...

Web search engines (WSE) are powerful and popular tools in the field of information service management. This study is an attempt to examine the impact and usefulness of web search engines in providing virtual reference services (VRS) within academic libraries in Pakistan. The study also attempts to investigate the relevant expertise and skills of library professionals in providing digital refer...

Search engines have become a de facto gateway for people to finding information or shopping online. The reliability of companies in search results is critical as search engines determine what information people access. Major search engines provide two types of results — organic and paid. While paid results have been an advertising boon for search engines, they are expected to contain more comme...

In the current information age, the dominant method for information search is by providing few keywords to a search engine. Keyword search is currently one of the most important operations in search engines and numerous other applications. In this paper we propose a new text indexing technique for improving the performance of keyword search. Our proposed technique not only speeds up searching o...

Many enterprise employees may publish content outside their corporate intranet, making the Web a valuable source for identifying company experts. In this article, we thoroughly investigate the usefulness of Web search engines (WSEs) for expert search. In particular, we claim that the ranking of documentary expertise evidence provided by a WSE should also give an indication of the importance of ...

In this paper, we investigate advertisers’ budgeting and bidding strategies across multiple search platforms. Our goal is to characterize equilibrium allocation of a limited budget across platforms and draw managerial insights for both search engines and advertisers. We develop a model with two search engines and budget-limited advertisers who compete to obtain advertising slots across search p...

As the Web continues to increase in size, the relative coverage of Web search engines is decreasing, and search tools that combine the results of multiple search engines are becoming more valuable. This paper provides details of the text and image metasearch functions of the Inquirus search engine developed at the NEC Research Institute. For text metasearch, we describe features including the u...

Search engines are essential, ubiquitous tools for seeking information from the Internet. Prior research has also demonstrated that combining features of separate search engines often improves retrieval performance. However, such feature combination is often difficult, because developers don’t consider other developers when building their software. To facilitate the development of search engine...

It is emerging that it is very difficult for the major search engines to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date search service of the Web. Even the largest search engines index only a small proportion of static Web pages and do not search the Web’s backend databases that are estimated to be 500 times larger than the static Web. The scale of such searching introduces both technical and economic ...