Background: In vivo dosimetry is a method for estimation of overall error in the delivered dose to the patients at the end of radiotherapy process. In this research, two methods for target dose calculation were evaluated on midline and central axis of photon beams in in vivo dosimetry of thorax fields. Materials and Methods: Entrance and exit doses for anterior and lateral fields of thorax were...

This paper proposes the development of an index to assess rural based on a set 25 demographic, economic, environmental, and social welfare indicators previously selected through Delphi approach. Three widely accepted aggregation methods were then tested: mixed arithmetic/geometric mean without weightings for each indicator; weighted arithmetic using weights generated by panel Principal Componen...

In this research paper, we will compute the topological indices (degree based) such as ordinary generalized geometric-arithmetic (OGA) index, first and second Gourava indices, hyper-Gourava general Randic´ index R γ G ,</mo...

The nonlinear solvers in numerical solution of water flow in variably saturated soils are prone to convergence difficulties. Many aspects can give rise to such difficulties, like very dry initial conditions, a steep pressure gradient and great variation of hydraulic conductivity occur across the wetting front during the infiltration of water.  So, the averaging method applied to compute hydraul...

Algorithms in computational geometry are usually designed under the Real RAM model. In implementing these algorithms, however, fixed-precision arithmetic is used in place of exact arithmetic. This substitution introduces numerical errors in the computations that may lead to nonrobust behaviour in the implementation, such as infinite loops or segmentation faults. There are various approaches in ...

We introduce the volume function for C-hermitian invertible sheaves on an arithmetic variety as an analogue of the geometric volume function. The main result of this paper is the continuity of the arithmetic volume function. As a consequence, we have the arithmetic Hilbert-Samuel formula for a nef C-hermitian invertible sheaf. We also give another applications, for example, a generalized Hodge ...

‎We obtain the asymptotic expansion of the sequence with general term $frac{A_n}{G_n}$‎, ‎where $A_n$ and $G_n$ are the arithmetic and geometric means of the numbers $d(1),d(2),dots,d(n)$‎, ‎with $d(n)$ denoting the number of positive divisors of $n$‎. ‎Also‎, ‎we obtain some explicit bounds concerning $G_n$ and $frac{A_n}{G_n}$.

In this paper we analyze some of the main properties of a double base number system, using bases 2 and 3; in particular we emphasize the sparseness of the representation. A simple geometric interpretation allows an efficient implementation of the basic arithmetic operations and we introduce an index calculus for logarithmic-like arithmetic with considerable hardware reductions in look-up table ...