Microelectrodes are the basis of the techniques discussed in this book. They are used for: (1) potential recording; (2) current injection; (3) introduction into the cell of ionselective resins for measuring potential or determining the free concentration of cytosolic constituents. (1) and (2) are the procedures underlying conventional microelectrode recording, voltage-clamping and patch-clampin...

A micromethod for measuring the ammonia nitrogen content of plasma by use of an ion-selective electrode is evaluated and described. The effect of storing plasma for 24, 48, and 72 h at -70 degrees C was evaluated. Values for newborns and fasting adults were 880 micrograms/L (SD, 210 micrograms/L) and 620 micrograms/L (SD, 170 micrograms/L), respectively.

Polymer membrane electrodes operated by pulsed chronopotentiometry have recently been introduced to replace traditional ion-selective electrodes for a number of applications. While ion-selective electrodes for the polycation protamine have been reported, for instance, a pulsed chronopotentiometric readout mode (called here pulstrode) provides improved stability and reproducibility while exhibit...

We describe positive interference with the ion-selective electrode determination of lithium (Lytening 2Z analyzer; Dade) when blood is collected in a 10-mL plain red-top plastic Vacutainer Plus Tube (Becton Dickinson) containing a silica clot activator and silicone surfactant (prod. no. 36-7820). We evaluated both the original tube (blue-labeled) and a new tube formulated to contain less silico...

Great opportunities exist for Ion-Selective Electrodes (ISEs) in the fields of environmental monitoring and of wearable applications for example as the sensing part in wireless networks. In this review special attention is given to the recent results obtained with Solid Contact IonSelective Electrodes and Solid Contact Reference Electrodes. Their combination as disposable sensing platform may o...

A case of os teoma of the coronoid process in a 51-year-old w o m a n is presented. Surgical resection, followed by postoperat ive phys io therapy to st imulate rmrmal funct ion, is the t rea tment of choice for this lesion.

The centrally important role of acids in aqueous chemistry has stimulated the search for the smallest droplet of hydrochloric acid. Based on several independent quantum calculations, this appears to be the HCl(H2O)4 cluster, which dissociates into the so-called solvent ion pair (SIP), H3O(+)(H2O)3Cl(-). Experimental verification of this prediction via infra-red spectroscopy is a major challenge...

Ion-selective electrodes have been applied to analysis of blood electrolytes with some success. However, currently available ion-selective electrode systems tend to be elaborate and expensive. We describe a clinical electrolyte analyzer in which inexpensive ion-selective electrodes are used. The elec‘trodes are in the configuration of thin wires and are all solid in construction. They may be di...

Hypomagnesemia is associated with alcoholism (Lim P, Jacob E. Metabolism 1972;21:1045-51). Here we assess two measurements of blood magnesium in emergency care patients with confirmed ethanol ingestion. Serum total and ionized magnesium (tMg, iMg) were measured in 88 patients with ethanol concentrations of 6-128 mmol/L and in sera of 97 hospitalized patients (control group). iMg was measured by...

Azide ion is an excellent vibrational probe for studying ion-ion and ion-dipole interactions in solutions because its frequency is sensitively dependent on its local environments. When azide ion forms contact ion pairs with cations in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), free azide ion and contact ion pairs are spectrally well distinguished in FTIR spectra. Here, we investigated vibrational population rel...