Soil apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) has been used as a surrogate measure for such soil properties as salinity, moisture content, topsoil depth (TD), and clay content. Measurements of ECa can be accomplished with commercially available sensors and can be used to efficiently and inexpensively develop the dense datasets desirable for describing within-field spatial variability in precision...

With a well-selected data set, the various events of the vertical E × B drift velocity variations at magneticequator-latitudes, the resultant ionospheric features at lowand mid-latitudes, and the practical consequences of these E × B events on the equatorial radio signal propagation are demonstrated. On a global scale, the development of a equatorial anomaly is illustrated with a series of 1995...

The signal from a spirometer is directly correlated with respiratory motion and is ideal for target respiratory motion tracking. However, its susceptibility to signal drift deters its application in radiotherapy. In this work, a few approaches are investigated to control spirometer signal drift for a Bernoulli-type spirometer. A method is presented for rapid daily calibration of the spirometer ...

System calibration is required in integrated IMU/GPS systems to account for the spatial offset and misalignment between IMU, GPS and camera frames; synchronization is to be maintained, to predict IMU/GPS position and orientation data at the mid-exposure time of the images. To this aim, measurement on the ground, complemented by a calibration flight over a test field, are performed. Depending on...

The online drift velocity calibration method provides calibration parameters required at the very beginning of the offline reconstruction process in order to determine the z position of the particle tracks with a sufficient accuracy before the combined track finding [2]. It uses the TPC Laser System which generates 336 straight laser tracks, similar to ionizing particle tracks, at known positio...

A high-accuracy space smart payload integrated with attitude and position (SSPIAP) is a new type of optical remote sensor that can autonomously complete image positioning. Inner orientation parameters (IOPs) are a prerequisite for image position determination of an SSPIAP. The calibration of IOPs significantly influences the precision of image position determination of SSPIAPs. IOPs can be prec...

An inexpensive animal recording and tracking system was designed, which uses sound-recording buoys deployed at several locations simultaneously in a passive hydrophone array. Each buoy contains a global positioning system ~GPS! Location logger, a stereo digital audio tape ~DAT! recorder with a hydrophone connected to one channel, and a VHF radio signal for time synchronization connected to the ...

Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy with a fiber optic probe is a powerful tool for quantitative tissue characterization and disease diagnosis. Significant systematic errors can arise in the measured reflectance spectra and thus in the derived tissue physiological and morphological parameters due to real-time instrument fluctuations. We demonstrate a novel fiber optic probe with real-time, self-ca...

To obtain valid 3D joint angles with inertial sensors careful sensor-to-segment calibration (i.e. functional or anatomical calibration) is required and measured angular velocity at each sensor needs to be integrated to obtain segment and joint orientation (i.e. joint angles). Existing functional and anatomical calibration procedures were optimized for gait analysis and calibration movements wer...