advanced exergy analysis is a tool to split the exergy destruction of the system to achieve a better perspective about the potentials of a system for improvements. in addition, the component interactions and their exergy destruction dependency with the other equipment are investigated through the advanced exergy analysis. for this purpose, it divides the exergy destruction calculated by convent...

in this paper, the effect of financial liberalization on household’s budget liquidity constraint is analyzed with the use of an error correction model. financial liberalization will decline liquidity constraint, with expanding means of making future incomes available for present consumption. here a financial liberalization index for iran is defined using principal component analysis technique, ...

this paper aims to investigate the role of each aggregate spending component in the monetary policy transmission in indonesia. it assesses the relative strength of the role of each spending component in the monetary policy transmission. in so doing, this study employs the contribution analysis, which is calculated based on the cumulative impulse response of each component of gdp to a monetary p...

in more recent years, it has become increasingly recognized that r&d; (research and development) is a key driver of economic growth, a source of innovation and change, and as such stimulates improvements in productivity and economic competitiveness. it is closely associated with knowledge and flexibility, two factors that have gained new significance as a source of competitiveness in an increas...

seasonal variations of climatic parameters are significant in arid and semi-arid regions and sensitivity of each parameter may differ in different seasons. no work has been done in this regard in iran. therefore, in this study, sensitivity analysis of the asce-penman-monteith grass reference evapotranspiration (eto) equation was investigated on the basis of variation of mean air temperature (tm...

this paper presents an economic evaluation of gas to liquids (gtl) project using “south-pars” gas field of iran based on the latest actual performing gtl projects. iran has the world’s largest reserves of natural gas and can satisfy the projected long-term market demand of gtl products which have lower pollution and higher quality than refinery products. the results of cost-benefit analysis sho...

JEL CLASSIFICATION C26, C99, D03, I18. PSYCINFO CLASSIFICATION 2360; 3920.

Context. Among optical stellar interferometers, the CHARA Array located at Mt Wilson in California offers the potential of very long baselines (up to 330 m) and the prospect of coupling multiple beam combiners. This paper presents the principle and the measured performance of VEGA, Visible spEctroGraph and polArimeter installed in September 2007 at the coherent focus of the array. Aims. With 0....

In a convincing analysis of the conditions and strength of altruism, Bester and Güth [Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Vol. 34, 1998, 193-209] unfortunately restrict the interpretation of their results. Their paper provides us with an analysis of the conditions and strength of malevolence (or envy) as well. ©2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. JEL classification: A13; C7...