Non-invasive brain stimulations mainly consist of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation exhibits satisfactory outcomes in improving multiple sclerosis, stroke, spinal cord injury and cerebral palsy-induced spasticity. By contrast, transcranial direct current stimulation has only been studied in post...

VR as a source of controllable visual and audio stimulations, which initiate and induce different kinematical, psychological, cognitive, and emotional reactions from the subject, is more than adequate state-of-the-art technology for assessment of whiplash injuries. A series of kinematical tests, which are integrated in Whiplash Injury Advanced Control Software (WIACS) package, provide assessmen...

In this study, effects of Buthus eupeus venom on chick biventer cervices nerve-muscle preparation were investigated by twitch tension method. The venom, at 1.3 ?g/ml, increased contractile responses in indirect stimulations. These effects were milder in direct muscle stimulations. It also caused significant enhancement in postjunctional sensitivity as assessed by responses to exogenous acetylch...

Acupoint stimulations are effective in ameliorating symptoms of menopause which is an unavoidable ageing consequence for women. To understand the mechanistic aspects of such treatments, we systematically analyzed the effects of acupoint laser-irradiation and catgut-embedding on the ovariectomy-induced rat metabolic changes using NMR and GC-FID/MS methods. Results showed that ovariectomization (...

The effects produced in the average frequency-patterns of EEGs from the olfactory bulb and forebrain of frog (Rana nigromaculata) by cutaneous pressure stimulations that are spatio-temporally constant in intensity and by repetitive tactile stimulations which are variable in intensity were observed. The changes in the respiratory movements and muscle activity produced by these stimulations were ...

Njemanze, P.C. Asymmetry of cerebral blood flow velocity response to color processing and hemodynamic changes during -6 degrees 24-hour head-down bed rest in men. J. Grav. Physiol. 12(2):??-??, 2005. Color stimulation may evoke significant cerebral responses that may be altered by head-down bed rest (HDR). Eight men were examined in supine horizontal position, with 30 deg head-up (Pre-HDR), and...

• Early tactile experiences are the most direct experience of contact with surrounding physical and social environment. Affective touch interactions may promote vagal activity, representing scaffolding for early autonomic self-regulation. Newborns’ self-regulation is based on balancing internal physiological needs responsiveness to external stimulations. Basic facets successfully subserve devel...

Very few studies in humans have quantified the effect obtained after direct electrical stimulation of the amygdala, in terms of both emotional and physiological responses. We tested patients with drug-resistant partial epilepsies who were explored with intracerebral electrodes in the setting of presurgical evaluation. We assessed the effects of direct electric stimulations in either the right o...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The increase in the prevalence of obesity is attributed to increased food intake and decreased physical activity in addition to genetic factors. Altered gut functions have been reported in obese subjects, whereas, little is known on the possible alterations in brain-gut interactions in obesity. The aim of the study was to explore possible alterations in gastric myoelectrical act...