BACKGROUND Ritonavir-boosted atazanavir (ATV/r) is the preferred second-line protease inhibitor (PI) option for HIV patients in resource-limited settings; its pattern of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) has not been much reported from India; hence, in this study, we have analyzed the incidence of ATV/r-associated ADRs in Southern Indian HIV-1-infected patients. METHODS In this prospective study,...

Kernicterus, a preventable brain injury resulting from severe neonatal jaundice, has reemerged in the US (1–3). Newborn jaundice, a usually benign condition that typically resolves with supervision and appropriate nutritional intake, can progress to severe hyperbilirubinemia in 8–10% of healthy newborn infants. Severe hyperbilirubinemia may need treatment with phototherapy. Some newborns discha...

Background: Hyperbilirubinemia has been implicated to have nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic effects. Thus, removal of excessive bilirubin in patients with severe jaundice and renal failure could potentially benefit the recovery of hepatic and renal function. In experimental animal and anecdotal reports in humans, albumin containing peritoneal dialysis (PD) maybe successful in removing bilirubin. Met...

Human uridine 5'-diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferases play a critical role in detoxification by conjugating bilirubin with glucoronic acid. Impaired or reduced enzymatic activity causes a spectrum of clinical disorders such as Crigler-Najjar syndrome type I (CN1), Crigler-Najjar syndrome type II, and Gilbert's syndrome. CN1 is a severe form of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia caused by homozygou...

Hyper IgD syndrome (HIDS) is a rare metabolic autoinflammatory syndrome characterised by recurrent febrile episodes, accompanied by various inflammatory symptoms. We present a case of severe HIDS in a young girl, whose symptoms started in the neonatal period with hepatomegaly, hepatitis, thrombocytopenia, and conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. From the age of five months, the child had recurrent fe...

OBJECTIVE To report a metastatic colorectal cancer patient with hyperbilirubinemia treated with a combination of bevacizumab and FOLFIRI (5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan) using uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl transferase (UGT1A1) genotyping. CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND INTERVENTION A 46-year-old male was diagnosed with rectosigmoid colon cancer with liver metastases and hyperbilirub...

Case A 61-year-old man with an unremarkable medical history was admitted with fever 7 days after being bitten by his dog. On day 3, he showed altered mental status, and laboratory data showed progressive hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, hyperbilirubinemia, renal dysfunction, coagulopathy, and schistocytosis. Severe sepsis complicated with thrombotic microangiopathy caused by Capnocytophaga c...

prevention of extreme neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in a mature health maintenance organization. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2000;154:1140-7. 11. Manning DJ, Maxwell MJ, Todd PJ, Platt MJ. Prospective surveillance study of severe hyperbilirubinaemia in the newborn in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2006; [Epub ahead of print]. http://fn.bmj.com/cgi/rapidpdf/adc.200...

Neonatal jaundice can be best understood as a balance between the production and elimination of bilirubin, with a multitude of factors and conditions affecting each of these processes. When an imbalance results because of an increase in circulating bilirubin (or the bilirubin load) to significantly high levels (severe hyperbilirubinemia), it may cause permanent neurologic sequelae (kernicterus)...