A retrospective study was conducted in 1993 which quantified the effectsof overstoryshading on both spruce weevil, Pissodes strobi (Peck) damage, and leader growth oninterior white spruce, Picea g/auca(Moench) Voss x engelmannii (Parry ex Englem.).The study was undertaken inthe Prince George and Cariboo Forest Regionsof BritishColumbia where the weevil is causing...

To investigate the energy performance of solar shading devices, this paper carried out a survey on the current status of solar shading utilization in buildings in Ningbo and performed building simulations to evaluate the energy savings potential by adopting different solar shading devices. Results show that solar shading utilization in this area is not popular and effective, and should be consi...

A challenge in vector graphics is to define primitives that offer flexible manipulation of colour gradients. We propose a new primitive, called a shading curve, that supports explicit and local gradient control. This is achieved by associating shading profiles to each side of the curve. These shading profiles, which can be manually manipulated, represent the colour gradient out from their assoc...

Real-time 3D Graphics rendering consumes significant power because of its very high computation and memory access rate. Due to variation in workload and perceptual tolerance, power-awareness can optimize this power consumption significantly, thus facilitating migration to future power-constrained devices such as PDAs, tablets, wearables, phones etc. This work proposes such a low power system ba...

Aim: The present study was carried out on cattle and buffalo farm of Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar (Uttar Pradesh) to determine the effect of different shade materials on physiological performance in Vrindavani crossbred calves during the summer. Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight crossbred calves were divided into four groups viz. Thatch shading roof (T1), agro-net shading r...

We studied the visual features that support eecient entry-level object recognition by measuring naming latencies for diierent views of artifacts and four-legged animals that were shown as shaded images or as silhouettes. Experiment 1 revealed important diierences in performance for the two renderings. Although three-quarter views of animals were recognized relatively quickly when shaded, they w...

An image is composed by several intrinsic images including the reflectance and the shading. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to infer the shading image from shading orders between pairs of pixels. The pairwise shading orders are measured by two types of methods: the brightness order and the low-order fittings of local shading field. The brightness order is a non-local measure, which d...

When rendering effects such as motion blur and defocus blur, shading can become very expensive if done in a naïve way, i.e. shading each visibility sample. To improve performance, previous work often decouple shading from visibility sampling using shader caching algorithms. We present a novel technique for reusing shading in a stochastic rasterizer. Shading is computed hierarchically and sparse...

Large areas of abandoned cropland in the world can be reforested with native shrubs and trees to gain a number of environmental benefits. In abandoned Mediterranean croplands, establishment and growth of woody plants are limited by high radiation and low water availability during summer, and weeds are strong competitors for resources, particularly water. We conducted a 3-year experiment in cent...

Shading has a great impact to the human perception of 3D objects. Thus, in order to create or to deform a 3D object, it seems natural to manipulate its perceived shading. This paper presents a new solution for the software implementation of this idea. Our approach is based on the ability of a user to coarsely draw a shading, under different lighting directions. With this intuitive process, user...