The paper considers the vexing issues of the homeland and dispersal of the Austroasiatic languages. A critical analysis finds little firm support for nested sub-groupings among a dozen recognised branches, while lexical analyses suggest a long-term pattern of contact and convergence within mainland Southeast Asia. These facts are interpreted as consistent with a stable long-term presence in Ind...

M onarde/la stebbinsii (Lamiaceae ), a new species from the northern Sierra Nevada of Plumas County, California, is described and illustrated. Characterized by ovate leaves, multiple verticillasters per infiorascence, a matlike habit, reddish papery bracts, and purplish-red leaves with a soft white pubescence, the species is not closely related to any other species of the genus. The new species...

The female and male of Dasybasis (Agelanius) cortesi, new species, is described and illustrated from specimens collected in the National Reserve of Río Clarillo, Cordillera Province, Central Chile. Its relationships to other Dasybasis species are discussed.

Abstract A bifurcation in an engineered river system (i.e., fixed planform and width) has fewer degrees of freedom its response to interventions natural changes than a system. Our objective is provide insight into how responds peak flows human interventions. To this end, we analyze the change hydraulics, bed level, surface grain size region two bifurcations upper Rhine delta Netherlands over la...

Blind, through, combined transverse dams are widely used as regulation structures to protect riverbanks and regulate river channels. Under the influence of these structures, a redistribution liquid solid runoff, including suspended sediments, occurs. This article aims develop method for forecasting mud silting vortex zone behind dam. The concept coefficients siltation in width, area, volume is ...

We present a novel synthesis algorithm for procedurally generating complex curves. Our approach takes a simple example input curve specified by a user and automatically generates complex curves that resemble the input. The algorithm preserves many of the input shape features such as tangent directions, curvature, branch nodes, and closed loops. The overall approach is simple and can be used to ...

Floodplain soils along the river Rhine in the Netherlands show a large spatial variability in pollutant concentrations. For an accurate ecological risk characterization of the river floodplains, this heterogeneity has to be included into the ecological risk assessment. In this paper a procedure is presented that incorporates spatial components of exposure into the risk assessment by linking geo...

To determine effects of pulp mill effluent on population genetic structure, redbreast sunfish (Lepomis auritus) were collected from several sites along the Pigeon River, NC, as well as from reference sites. Previous studies found effects on molecular, biochemical, physiological, population, and community level endpoints in these populations. The population genetic structure of these fish was de...