_ _________________________________________ Introduction _______________________________________ Purpose of the study____________________________ Acknowledgments. ______________________________ Character and extent of the Berea sandstone.______ Method of investigation. ________________________ Well records ___________________________________ A description of some of the more common terms used b...

Shale gas and oil are significant unconventional energy resources in the United States. Because of their low porosity and permeability, as well as the complex pore systems in organic rich shale formations, their petrophysical properties are not fully understood. Further, it is well known that wettability influences many aspects of reservoir characteristics, especially hydrocarbon storage and re...

US shale gas production is generally expected to continue its fast rise. However, a cautious evaluation is needed. Shale gas resource estimates are potentially overoptimistic and it is uncertain to which extent they can be produced economically. Moreover, the adverse environmental effects of ever more wells to be drilled may lead to a fall in public acceptance and a strengthening of regulation....

Extensive horizons of pyritic shale occur in Mid-Proterozoic sediments of the eastern Belt basin, Montana, U.S.A. These pyritic shales are of striped appearance. Laminated pyrite beds alternate with non-pyritic shale beds. Laminated pyrite beds have wavy-crinkly internal laminae and are interpreted as mineralized microbial mats. Pyrite is essentially the only sulfide mineral in these shales. Py...

Oil and natural gas from deep shale formations are transforming the United States economy and its energy outlook. Back in 2005, the US Energy Information Administration published projections of United States natural gas supply that stressed the need to develop an import infrastructure (1): by 2025, imports would account for almost one-third of United States consumption. When we compare those fo...

This paper aims to study the geochemical characteristics of shale of Disang group of Eocene age. Geochemical study and the data reported indicate that Shales are deposited under the marine condition. Tectonic setting was active continental margin to passive continental margin and sediments were derived from volcanic and/or granitic source area. Study reveals that Source-rating of studied shale ...

Physical and chemical characteristics of ashes formed at burning oil shale at temperatures 500, 600, 700, 800, 900 and 1030 °C were studied. Standard procedures were used to determine both pozzolanic activity and binding parameters. The most suitable characteristics were provided with oil shale ash formed at 700 °C. Ashes (15 and 30%) were added to ordinary Portland cement. The optimum pozzolan...

The past decade has seen increased focus on nanoparticle (NP) based drilling fluid to promote wellbore stability in shales. With the plugging of NP into shale pores, the fluid pressure transmission can be retarded and wellbore stability can be improved. For better understanding of the interaction between shale and NP based drilling fluid based on previous pressure transmission tests (PTTs) on A...

Although these 'tal' bases' are mainly derivatives of pyridine and/or quinoline, other compounds of a pyrrole nature have been reported to occur, for instance Petrie (1905) recorded the presence of pyrrole compounds in the oil obtained from the torbanites of New South "Vales, and aecounts of the shale oil from Colorado giving the same reaction have been reported by McKee (1£125). The first syst...

Estonian shale oil contains about 25--30% phenols, and their action determines the toxicity of shale oils. The clinical symptoms of intoxication are rather similar, regardless of route of administration. Due to neurotropic action, the coordination of movements is impaired, and clonic and tetanic convulsions, paresis and paralysis of extremities, and narcosis are observed. In subacute and chroni...