This study compares the amount of available biomass for wild herbivores (red deer (Cervus elaphus L.), roe (Capreolus capreolus and hare (Lepus europaeus Pallas)) depending on three different types forest silvicultural systems—presented using example beech spruce stands in wintertime. During winter period, provided ten times more than beech. However, metabolizable energy, 7.38 MJ/kg average, wh...

Artificial regeneration of oak has been generally unsuccessful in maintaining the oak component in productive upland forests of eastern North America. We tested visual grading effects on quality-grown northern red oak (Quercus rubra) seedlings planted in two submesic stands on the Cumberland Plateau escarpment of Tennessee, USA. Seedlings were grown for one year using advanced fertilization and...

• Extension • Research • Consulting • PHOTO 1. Boreal mixedwood stand where both aspen and white spruce are within the dominant and co-dominant crown classes. Mixed species stands provide options for creating a wide variety of future stand conditions. Forest managers are increasingly being asked to consider and apply a diversity of silviculture systems to address the variety of social, economic...

Abstract The article provides an overview of the experience using shelterwood systems in Estonia and methodological aspects their economic assessment. methodology is tested with calculations made on management alternatives pine ( Pinus sylvestri s L.) stand Rhodococcum site type. Based Estonian forest rules results previous silvicultural studies, models were elaborated for different types harve...

Stump sprouting is a widespread phenomenon in North American hardwood tree species following logging or severe crown damage from natural disturbances such as fire, wind, insect attack. However, other than the effects of and size, factors that influence probability are not well understood. Data harvested stands Pennsylvania Connecticut, USA, were used to evaluate several variables on stump frequ...