The third-generation synchrotron radiation (SR) facilities are storage ring-based facilities with many insertion devices and photon beamlines, and have low injection beam power, but extremely high stored beam power. The fourth-generation X-ray free electron laser (FEL) facilities are based on an electron Linac with a long undulator and have high injection beam power. Due to its electron and pho...

A novel approach combining experimental and numerical methods for the study of reaction mechanisms in a cold atmospheric Ar plasma jet is introduced. The jet is operated with a shielding gas device that produces a gas curtain of defined composition around the plasma plume. The shielding gas composition is varied from pure N2 to pure O2. The density of metastable argon ( ) Ar 4s, P 3 2 in the pl...

A novel approach combining experimental and numerical methods for the study of reaction mechanisms in a cold atmospheric Ar plasma jet is introduced. The jet is operated with a shielding gas device that produces a gas curtain of defined composition around the plasma plume. The shielding gas composition is varied from pure N2 to pure O2. The density of metastable argon ( ) Ar 4s, P 3 2 in the pl...

The EGS4 electron-photon Monte Carlo code has been used to study the characteristics of the bremsstrahlung x-rays generated from the interaction of circulating electrons with the residual gas in accelerator storage rings. Gas bremsstrahlung dose rates are given for various opening angles as a function of the electron beam energy ranging from 0.510 GeV. Photon and neutron dose rates, generated f...

The aim of this study is to investigate the optimization process parameters for Metal inert gas welding (MIG). In the present work, bead-on -plate welds were carried out on MS 5986 Fe 410 carbon steel sheets using Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) process. In this present investigation ER70S-6 solid wire having 1.2 mm diameter was used as an electrode with direct current electrode positive polarity....

We study the formation of H2 in the ISM, using a modified version of the astrophysical magnetohydrodynamical code ZEUS-MP that includes a nonequilibrium treatment of the formation and destruction of H2. We examine two different approximations to treat the shielding of H2 against photodissociation: a local approximation, which gives us a solid lower bound on the amount of shielding, and a method...

background: gonad shielding has been recommended during pelvic x-rays since the 1950s. the popular method of gonad shielding is placement a lead shield in the midline of the pelvis. the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and utility of gonad shielding in pediatrics undergoing pelvic x-rays.materials and methodsfollowing study approval, we retrospectively retrieved data from the di...

results the results showed that the epoxy plates 6 and 2 mm thick had the highest and the lowest averages of shielding effectiveness at 4.48 db and 1.90 db, respectively. however, increasing the thickness was useful up to 4 mm. in addition, in a similar attenuation pattern, x-band frequency was divided into lower, middle, and upper sections. the lower section had the highest shielding effective...