The constants A and B are called lower and upper frame bounds for the frame. We call a frame {fi}i∈I bounded, if there exists δ > 0 such that ‖fi‖ ≥ δ for all i ∈ I (the norms of the frame elements are always uniformly bounded from above [3, Proposition 4.6]), and unit norm, if ‖fi‖ = 1 for all i ∈ I. If {fi}i∈I is a frame only for its closed linear span, we call it a frame sequence. Those sequ...

The SIR genes are determinants of life span in yeast mother cells. Here we show that life span regulation by the Sir proteins is independent of their role in nonhomologous end joining. The short life span of a sir3 or sir4 mutant is due to the simultaneous expression of a and alpha mating-type information, which indirectly causes an increase in rDNA recombination and likely increases the produc...

Travel demand is well announced as a crucial component of transportation planning. This paper aims to develop a direct demand model, denoting a more acceptable abstraction of reality, for intercity passengers in daily work and leisure trips in Tehran province. The model utilizes combined estimation across the data source, collected in 2011, of travelers originating from ...