Abstract “Shortcut English” is a pidgin spoken between Zambians and Chinese migrants at Chinese-operated mine in southern Zambia. Contrary to most historical contact languages, the symbolic valences of Shortcut English favor Zambian laborers over managers owners. In past, Summers have categorized as bamukuwa / “whites.” Haruyama analyzes how racializing dynamics new increasingly result being fi...

Interestingly, one can show that in the propositional case, this prediction is equivalent toφ(d)⇔ φ(>), i.e. we only need to consider one possible sentence completion β: the tautology. Importantly however, this is only a (very efficient) technical shortcut and lengthy tautologous pieces are not necessary (see Chemla, 2006). This first part of the theory accounts for the core projection facts: p...

The generator in the generative adversarial network (GAN) learns image generation a coarse-to-fine manner which earlier layers learn an overall structure of and latter ones refine details. To propagate coarse information well, recent works usually build their generators by stacking up multiple residual blocks. Although block can produce high-quality as well be trained stably, it often impedes f...

Individuals solve arithmetic problems in different ways and the strategies they choose are indicators of advanced competencies such as adaptivity flexibility, predict mathematical achievement. Understanding factors that encourage or hinder selection is therefore important for helping individuals to succeed mathematics. Our research contributed this g...