Consider a simple network flow problem in which there are n channels directed from a source to a sink. The channel capacities are unknown and we wish to determine a feasible network flow of value D. Flow problems with unknown capacities arise naturally in numerous applications, including inter-domain traffic routing in the Internet, bandwidth allocation for sending files in peer-to-peer network...

This paper argues that the interaction between inequality and the demand patterns for goods is a potential source of persistent inequality. Income distribution, in the presence of non-homothetic preferences, affects the demand for goods and, due to differences in factor intensities across sectors, it alters the return to factors of production and the initial distribution of income. Low inequali...

The penetration speed of global Internet access has been extraordinary in the past decade. This phenomenon results in a near zero-time distribution of digital goods from companies to their customers. It also further reduces the already low “production” costs, where digital goods such as computer software and music songs are stored in CD/DVD, cassette tapes, floppy disks or other similar media, ...

OBJECTIVE The development of congestive heart failure (CHF) is accompanied by left ventricular (LV) and myocyte contractile dysfunction. However, time-dependent cellular and ionic events which contribute to the initiation and progression of CHF remain unclear. This study tested the central hypothesis that changes in L-type Ca2+ channel current (ICa) and abundance (Bmax) are early events in the ...

Large sunk cost of development, negligible cost of reproduction and distribution and substantial economies of scale make information goods distinct from industry goods. In this paper, we analyze versioning strategies of horizontally differentiated information goods with shared feature sets, discrete hierarchical groups and continuous individual consumer tastes. Based on our modelling results, w...

Fair division has long been an important problem in the economics literature. In this note, we consider the existence of proportionally fair allocations of indivisible goods, i.e., allocations of indivisible goods in which every agent gets at least her proportionally fair share according to her own utility function. We show that when utilities are additive and utilities for individual goods are...