In modern wireless communications, numerous diversity techniques are used to improve the performance of signal transmission over multiple channels. This paper focuses primarily on the evaluation of Quasi Orthogonal & Orthogonal Space-Time Block Codes (STBC) for a 4x2 system model. The paper proceeds by checking which of these two codes Orthogonal STBC or Quasi-orthogonal STBC, is better by eval...

speckle is a granular disturbance in coherent images such as synthetic aperture radar (sar) images, modeled as a multiplicative noise. this noise degrades the sar image and complicates the image exploitation using automated image analysis techniques. several approaches have been developed to reduce the effect of speckle noise. recently, the application of compressed sensing (cs) is explored in ...

Fundamental limits on detection in low SNR

A modified-SPIDER (spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction) technique where external powerful optical pulses are employed as a light source of chirped reference pulses for sum-frequency generation is proposed and is demonstrated experimentally. It provides great improvements in sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio, and will enable a single-shot measurement for a ...

I Acknowledgements II Table of

The potential 1-20 m imaging and spectroscopic sensitivity of a cooled 8m NGST in space is compared to that of a 8m ground-based telescope. For 2.5 m an 8m NGST may achieve a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) advantage in the range 100 to 1000 for both imaging observations and for spectroscopic observations up to R=1000. In the 1 to 2.5 m regime an 8m NGST may achieve a SNR advantage for imaging of 1...

 Edge Detection is an important task for sharpening the boundary of images to detect the region of interest. This paper applies a linear cellular automata rules and a Mamdani Fuzzy inference model for edge detection in both monochromatic and the RGB images. In the uniform cellular automata a transition matrix has been developed for edge detection. The Results have been compared to the ...