We report on strongly enhanced electron multiplication in thin silicon membranes. The device is configured as a transmission-type membrane for electron multiplication. A subthreshold electric field applied on the emission side of the membrane enhances the number of electrons emitted by two orders of magnitude. This enhancement stems from field emitted electrons stimulated by the incident partic...

We report herein, a series of ab initio calculations on various SiH, and Si,H, species using generalized valence bond and configuration interactions methods. These results allow systematic estimation of the heats of formation and the enthalpies of reactions for these species. For SiH, compounds, the calculated and experimental energetics are in excellent agreement; we obtain D,,, (H,SiH) = 91.6...

Devices for performing polymerase chain reactions (PCR) have been developed for use with photolithographed silicon. Microchambers capable of holding between 5.0 and 10 microL of PCR reagents were constructed by etching specific areas of rectangular silicon chips (17 x 15 mm), which were then capped with Pyrex glass. These silicon devices (PCRChips), which were etched to depths of 40-80 microns,...

Here we demonstrate progress on electrodeposition of photoactive silicon films from an environmentally friendly molten CaCl2 electrolyte, which is the first step of a new route to a practical low-cost silicon solar cell. We report electrodeposition of severalmicron thick silicon films on a graphite substrate in a bath of molten CaCl2 containing SiO2 nanoparticles. The best silicon deposits was ...

A new class of silicon-based deformable mirrors is described. These devices are capable of correcting time-varying aberrations in imaging or beam forming applications. Each mirror is composed of a flexible silicon membrane supported by an underlying array of electrostatic parallel plate actuators. All structural and electronic elements were fabricated through conventional surface micromachining...

This paper presents a simple process technique for the fabrication of valveless micropumps. The process design utilizes standard MEMS process using double-sided anisotropic silicon wet etching process with an additional adhesive bonding technique. The diffuser and nozzle element of the pump with depth of 50 μm, as well as a 150 μm thick silicon membrane are designed and fabricated using only 3 ...

Three different organic solvents (dimethylacetamide (DMAc), dimethylformamide (DMF), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)) were used to improve the solubility of LiNO 3 in a standard carbonate-based electrolyte with lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiDFOB) as salt. Together, LiDFOB organic-solvent solubilized preferentially reduce on surface silicon-containing anodes create an SEI rich oxalates, nitra...