BACKGROUND Positive-expiratory-pressure (PEP) therapy uses positive airway pressure generated by a either a fixed-orifice resistor or a threshold resistor. We hypothesized that tubing diameter and length, and the diameter of the PEP bottle's air-escape orifice would impact the PEP pressure delivered to the airway and determine whether the PEP bottle acts as a threshold resistor or a fixed-orifi...

High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has been emerging as an effective and noninvasive modality in cancer treatment with very promising clinical results. However, a small vessel in the focal region could be ruptured, which is an important concern for the safety of HIFU ablation. In this study, lesion formation in the polyacrylamide gel phantom embedded with different tubing (inner diameters...

In order to develop FeCrAl-based ODS alloy tubing with the coarse, high aspect ratio, appropriately oriented grain structures likely to deliver enhanced high temperature (1100C) hoop creep strength compared to conventionally formed ODS alloy tubing, flow forming techniques were explored in a European funded programme. The evolution of microstructure in PM2000 alloy tubing formed by warm flow fo...

Surgery of the biliary tract is complex, and its volume has increased with iatrogenic injuries and living donor transplantation. The aim of this study was to analyze if the common duct can be temporarily replaced. We used nine 18-20 kg pigs. They were operated on, and their bile duct was replaced by a 100% silicone tube. All pigs underwent laboratory tests, magnetic resonance imaging, intraoper...

Composite coiled tubing is an emerging technology in the oil & gas sector that presents important advantages compared to the steel coiled tubing and conventional drilling. The composite tube has reduced weight, allowing extended reach and improved fatigue life. An additional advantage resides in the fact that the coiled tube wall can contain and protect additional functional elements, such as e...

purpose: to evaluate the efficacy of silicone oil injection after deep vitrectomy in infectious endophthalmitis regarding visual acuity. methods: this single-blind randomized clinical trial was performed on 50 cases of infectious endophthalmitis undergoing deep vitrectomy. patients were randomly assigned to two groups: in one group silicone oil was injected into the eye at the end of the operat...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether prior silicone injection increases the risks associated with carbon dioxide laser resurfacing. DESIGN Laboratory determination of the effect of laser energy on liquid silicone; histologic evaluation of silicone-injected skin after lasing; and histologic demonstration of silicone deposits in all layers of dermis years after injection of silicone as filler fluid. ...