in this study, we discuss the capacitated facility location-allocation problem with uncertain parameters in which the uncertainty is characterized by given finite numbers of scenarios. in this model, the objective function minimizes the total expected costs of transportation and opening facilities subject to the robustness constraint. to tackle the problem efficiently and effectively, an effici...

Laminar mixed convection of a nanofluid consisting of water and Al2O3 in an inclined tube with heating at the top half surface of a copper tube has been studied numerically. The bottom half of the tube wall is assumed to be adiabatic (presenting a tube of a solar collector). Heat conduction mechanism through the tube wall is considered. Three-dimensional governing equations with using two-phase...

This paper explores the single-phase and two-phase cooling performance of a hybrid micro-channel/slot-jet module using HFE-7100 as working fluid. Three-dimensional numerical simulation using the k–e turbulent model is used to both assess the single-phase performance and seek a geometry that enhances heat removal capability and surface temperature uniformity while decreasing mean surface tempera...

Understanding nanofluidic behavior is of fundamental value to the development of many potential nano-technology applications, including high-performance energy absorption. We carry out non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulations to study the transport characteristics of liquids in a confined nano-environment. It is shown that the distributed electric field arising from either an elect...

The migration characteristics of carbon nanotubes from liquid phase to vapor phase in the refrigerant-based nanofluid pool boiling were investigated experimentally. Four types of carbon nanotubes with the outside diameters from 15 to 80 nm and the lengths from 1.5 to 10 μm were used in the experiments. The refrigerants include R113, R141b and n-pentane. The oil concentration is from 0 to 10 wt....

in order to find the most appropriate planting patter and cultivar of grain corn, an experiment was conducted in agriculture research station of jiroft and kahnooj, iran for two years in 2007 and 2008 as a split-plot experiment based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. the main plot was planting patter at four levels of normal planting (single-row on one furrow), dou...

In this paper, we investigate the effect of adding a stabilizer on the dynamic thermal properties of ZnO nanofluid (containing 5 to 10 nm diameter of ZnO nanocrystals) measured using a 3ω method. Addition of the stabilizer leads to the stabilization of the nanofluid and also substantial reduction of the enhancement of thermal transport compared to that seen in the bare ZnO nanofluid. This also ...

Forced convection boundary layer magnetohydrodynamic flow of a nanofluid over a permeable stretching plate is studied in this paper. The effects of suction-injection and viscous dissipation are taken into account. The nanofluid model includes Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects. The governing momentum, energy, and nanofluid solid volume fraction equations are solved numerically using an ...